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### The preposition *en*

The preposition **en** means "in," "on," or "at" and is used to describe physical locations.

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### Traveling *en*...

Use **en** to talk about methods of transportation, similar to "by" in English. When stating your general method of travel, don't use an article (like *el* or *un*) before the vehicle.

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### "By bus" vs. "on the bus"

If you are physically inside a specific vehicle, include the definite article (**el** or **la**). Compare traveling "by bus" (method) with being "on the bus" (location):

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In and by (en)

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

expression

interjection

noun

numeral

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and 'to be' (el, la, soy)

Masculine and feminine pairs (el hermano, la hermana)

Basic sentences and negation (no)

Indefinite articles (un, una)

Formal and informal you (tú vs. usted)

Plural pronouns and the verb to be (somos, son)

Making nouns plural (-s, -es)

Plural articles (los, las, unos, unas)

Noun gender exceptions

Adjective agreement

Invariable adjectives

State and location (estar)

Ser vs. estar

There is / there are (hay)

Hay vs. estar

To have (tener)

Possession (de)

Possessive adjectives (mi, tu, su)

Regular -ar verbs

Yes/No questions

What and who (qué, quién)

Regular -er verbs

Regular -ir verbs

Asking where (dónde, adónde)

How, when, and why (cómo, cuándo, por qué)

How much and how many (cuánto)

Days of the week

Going to a place (ir a)

Preposition contractions (al, del)

With me and with you (conmigo, contigo)

Prepositional pronouns (mí, ti)

Conjunctions (y, o, pero)

Giving reasons (porque)

Stem-changing verbs (e to ie)

Stem-changing verbs (o to ue)

Stem-changing verbs (e to i)

Irregular yo forms (hago, salgo)

To know (saber vs. conocer)

Weather expressions (hace, está)

Desires and plans (querer)

Ability and requests (poder)

Obligations (tener que)

Expressing likes (me gusta)

Plural likes (me gustan)

Verbs like gustar (encantar, doler)

Very vs. a lot (muy, mucho)

Numbers 0 to 15 (cero, uno, dos…)

Numbers 16 to 31 (dieciséis, veinte…)

Numbers 30 to 1000 (treinta, cien, mil)

Months of the year (enero, febrero, marzo)

Seasons and dates (el dos de mayo)

Telling time (es la..., son las...)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero, segundo, tercero)

Reflexive pronouns and verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

The present continuous (estar + -ando, -iendo)

Near demonstrative adjectives (este, esta, estos, estas)

Medium demonstrative adjectives (ese, esa, esos, esas)

Comparatives of inequality (más / menos ... que)

Comparatives of equality (tan ... como)

Indefinite and negative pronouns (algo, nada, alguien, nadie)

Affirmative commands

Far demonstratives (aquel, aquella)

Possessive pronouns (el mío, el tuyo)

Shortened indefinite adjectives (algún, ningún)

Adverbs of quantity (demasiado, bastante)

Adverbs of frequency (a menudo, a veces)

Adverb formation (-mente)

Exclamations (¡Qué...!)

Irregular comparatives (mejor, peor, mayor, menor)

Relative superlatives (el más... de)

Adjective intensification (-ísimo)

Indirect object pronouns

Pronoun placement with infinitives

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

The 'se lo' rule (se lo, se la)

Impersonal statements (se)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Personal obligation (deber)

Starting actions (empezar a)

Finishing and quitting actions (terminar de, dejar de)

Repeating actions (volver a)

Continuing actions (seguir + gerundio)

Complex prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de...)

Question	Answer
the bus	el autobús
We travel to the city by bus.	Viajamos a la ciudad en autobús.
Are you on the bus now?	¿Estás en el autobús ahora?
the train	el tren
The man travels by train.	El hombre viaja en tren.
They arrive at work by train.	Ellos llegan al trabajo en tren.
the taxi	el taxi
I return home by taxi.	Regreso a casa en taxi.
How much does it cost to go by taxi?	¿Cuánto cuesta ir en taxi?
the airplane	el avión
My family travels to Peru by plane.	Mi familia viaja a Perú en avión.
I read my book on the plane.	Leo mi libro en el avión.
the boat	el barco
Do the women travel by boat?	¿Las mujeres viajan en barco?
There is a restaurant on the ship.	Hay un restaurante en el barco.
the subway	el metro
I arrive early by subway.	Llego temprano en metro.
My friend is in the subway.	Mi amigo está en el metro.
the box	la caja
Are the apples in the box?	¿Están las manzanas en la caja?
There are many books in the box.	Hay muchos libros en la caja.
the bag	la bolsa
The money is not in the red bag.	El dinero no está en la bolsa roja.
I have the bread in the bag.	Tengo el pan en la bolsa.
the pocket	el bolsillo
The key is in my pocket.	La llave está en mi bolsillo.
Do you have the phone in your pocket?	¿Tienes el teléfono en el bolsillo?
the glass	el vaso
There is water in the clean glass.	Hay agua en el vaso limpio.
I drink milk in a large glass.	Bebo leche en un vaso grande.
for / by / through / in/during (part of the day)	por
We travel through the city.	Viajamos por la ciudad.
We go through the park.	Vamos por el parque.
on foot	a pie
I go to school on foot.	Voy a la escuela a pie.
They go to the park on foot.	Ellos van al parque a pie.
full (general)	lleno
the bottle	la botella
The glass is full of water.	El vaso está lleno de agua.
The bus is full of people.	El autobús está lleno de personas.
The bottle is in the bag.	La botella está en la bolsa.
I need a bottle of water.	Yo necesito una botella de agua.

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