Chinese (Mandarin)

Spanish

English

Hindi

Arabic (Modern Standard)

Portuguese

Bengali

Russian

Japanese

Punjabi

German

Javanese

Malay

Telugu

Vietnamese

Korean

French

Marathi

Tamil

Urdu

Turkish

Italian

Chinese, Yue / Cantonese

Thai

Gujarati

Chinese, Jin

Chinese, Min Nan

Dari

Farsi

Polish

Pashto

Kannada

Chinese, Xiang

Malayalam

Sundanese

Hausa

Odia

Burmese

Chinese, Hakka

Ukrainian

Bihari, Bhojpuri

Tagalog

Yoruba

Bihari, Maithili

Uzbek

Sindhi

Amharic

Fula

Romanian

Oromo

Igbo

Azerbaijani

Chinese, Gan

Dutch

Kurdish, Central

Kurdish, Northern

Kurdish, Southern

Malagasy

Lahnda, Saraiki

Nepali

Sinhalese

Chittagonian

Zhuang

Khmer

Turkmen

Assamese

Madurese

Somali

Marwari

Bihari, Magahi

Haryanvi

Hungarian

Chhattisgarhi

Greek

Chewa

Dakhini

Akan, Twi

Akan, Fante

Kazakh

Chinese, Min Bei

Sylheti

Zulu

Czech

Kinyarwanda

Marwari, Dhundhari

Haitian Creole

Chinese, Min Dong

Ilocano

Quechua

Kirundi

Swedish

Hmong

Shona

Uyghur

Hiligaynon

Mossi

Xhosa

Belarusian

Balochi

Spanish (Latin America)

When looking for places while traveling, you will use both **hay** and **estar**, but they serve different purposes.

### Finding unspecific places

Use **hay** when you are looking for *any* place of a certain kind, or just stating that something exists. It is usually paired with words like **un**, **una**, **unos**, or **unas** (a, an, some).

{{item:771301}}

{{item:771292}}

{{item:771290}}

### Locating specific places

When you are looking for a *specific* place, or stating the exact location of a place you already know about, use the verb **estar**. This is usually paired with definite articles like **el**, **la**, **los**, or **las** (the).

{{item:771289}}

{{item:771294}}

{{item:771300}}

### Singular vs. plural

Remember that **hay** never changes its form, even for plural items. But when using **estar**, you must use **está** for a singular item and **están** for plural items.

{{item:771307}}

{{item:771306}}

Hay vs. estar

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

expression

interjection

noun

numeral

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Subject pronouns and the verb to be (yo soy)

Noun gender and definite articles (el, la)

Basic sentences and negation (no)

Indefinite articles (un, una)

Formal and informal you (tú vs. usted)

Plural pronouns and the verb to be (somos, son)

Making nouns plural (-s, -es)

Plural articles (los, las, unos, unas)

Noun gender exceptions

Adjective agreement

Invariable adjectives

State and location (estar)

Ser vs. estar

There is / there are (hay)

To have (tener)

Possession (de)

Possessive adjectives (mi, tu, su)

Regular -ar verbs

Yes/No questions

What and who (qué, quién)

Regular -er verbs

Regular -ir verbs

Asking where (dónde, adónde)

How, when, and why (cómo, cuándo, por qué)

How much and how many (cuánto)

Days of the week

Going to a place (ir a)

Preposition contractions (al, del)

In and by (en)

With me and with you (conmigo, contigo)

Prepositional pronouns (mí, ti)

Conjunctions (y, o, pero)

Giving reasons (porque)

Stem-changing verbs (e to ie)

Stem-changing verbs (o to ue)

Stem-changing verbs (e to i)

Irregular yo forms (hago, salgo)

To know (saber vs. conocer)

Weather expressions (hace, está)

Desires and plans (querer)

Ability and requests (poder)

Obligations (tener que)

Expressing likes (me gusta)

Plural likes (me gustan)

Verbs like gustar (encantar, doler)

Very vs. a lot (muy, mucho)

Numbers 0 to 15 (cero, uno, dos…)

Numbers 16 to 31 (dieciséis, veinte…)

Numbers 30 to 1000 (treinta, cien, mil)

Months of the year (enero, febrero, marzo)

Seasons and dates (el dos de mayo)

Telling time (es la..., son las...)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero, segundo, tercero)

Reflexive pronouns and verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

The present continuous (estar + -ando, -iendo)

Near demonstrative adjectives (este, esta, estos, estas)

Medium demonstrative adjectives (ese, esa, esos, esas)

Comparatives of inequality (más / menos ... que)

Comparatives of equality (tan ... como)

Indefinite and negative pronouns (algo, nada, alguien, nadie)

Affirmative commands

Far demonstratives (aquel, aquella)

Possessive pronouns (el mío, el tuyo)

Shortened indefinite adjectives (algún, ningún)

Adverbs of quantity (demasiado, bastante)

Adverbs of frequency (a menudo, a veces)

Adverb formation (-mente)

Exclamations (¡Qué...!)

Irregular comparatives (mejor, peor, mayor, menor)

Relative superlatives (el más... de)

Adjective intensification (-ísimo)

Indirect object pronouns

Pronoun placement with infinitives

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

The 'se lo' rule (se lo, se la)

Impersonal statements (se)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Personal obligation (deber)

Starting actions (empezar a)

Finishing and quitting actions (terminar de, dejar de)

Repeating actions (volver a)

Continuing actions (seguir + gerundio)

Complex prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de...)

Question	Answer
where	dónde
hotel	el hotel
Where is the hotel?	¿Dónde está el hotel?
There is an old hotel here.	Aquí hay un hotel viejo.
bathroom	el baño
Where is there a clean bathroom?	¿Dónde hay un baño limpio?
close / near	cerca
The bathroom is close to the door.	El baño está cerca de la puerta.
pharmacy	la farmacia
There is a pharmacy in the hospital.	Hay una farmacia en el hospital.
far	lejos
The pharmacy is not far.	La farmacia no está lejos.
museum	el museo
The museum is in the old city.	El museo está en la ciudad vieja.
Is there a museum in the city?	¿Hay un museo en la ciudad?
airport	el aeropuerto
The airport is far from here.	El aeropuerto está lejos de aquí.
Is there an airport near the city?	¿Hay un aeropuerto cerca de la ciudad?
suitcase	la maleta
Where are the suitcases?	¿Dónde están las maletas?
There are some red suitcases here.	Aquí hay unas maletas rojas.
street	la calle
Is there a hotel on the street?	¿Hay un hotel en la calle?
Where is the new street?	¿Dónde está la calle nueva?
the television	la televisión
There is a television in the living room.	Hay una televisión en la sala.
The television is big.	La televisión es grande.
the bathtub (LatAm)	la tina
The bathtub is in the bathroom.	La tina está en el baño.
There is a white bathtub in the bathroom.	Hay una tina blanca en el baño.
the bedroom (= el cuarto)	el dormitorio
The bedroom is here.	El dormitorio está aquí.
There is a bed in the bedroom.	Hay una cama en el dormitorio.
the dining room	el comedor
There is a big table in the dining room.	Hay una mesa grande en el comedor.
The dining room is here; the bathroom is not.	El comedor está aquí; el baño no.
radio	la radio
There is a radio in the living room.	Hay una radio en la sala.
The radio is in the bedroom.	La radio está en el dormitorio.