Breakdown of Судя по позиции, он вынужден сделать ход пешкой.
он
he / it (for a masculine noun) / it (for a neuter noun)
сделать
to do (perfective) / to make (perfective)
позиция
position (stance, location)
судя по
judging by
вынужден
forced
ход
the move
пешка
the pawn
Questions & Answers about Судя по позиции, он вынужден сделать ход пешкой.
How does the word вынужден function in this sentence?
Вынужден acts as a modal predicate meaning "forced to" or "compelled to." It is a short-form adjective that takes the role of the main verb and pairs with the infinitive сделать. Because it behaves like an adjective, it must match the subject он in gender and number (masculine singular).
Can I use the long adjective form вынужденный here instead?
No, to say someone "is forced to do something," you must use the short form вынужден. The long form вынужденный is only used to describe a noun directly, such as in the phrase вынужденный ход (a forced move).
What grammar structure creates the phrase судя по?
Судя is an adverbial participle (often called a gerund) formed from the verb судить (to judge). The fixed phrase судя по translates to "judging by" and always requires the following noun to be in the dative case, which gives us the ending in позиции.
Why is the word for pawn (пешка) in the instrumental case here?
The instrumental case (пешкой) is used to indicate the tool, instrument, or means used to perform an action. Just as you eat with a spoon (ложкой), you make a move with a pawn (пешкой).
Learn Судя по позиции, он вынужден сделать ход пешкой and more in Russian
All course content and exercises are completely free — no paywalls, no trial periods, no signup needed.
- ✓ Practice with interactive exercises
- ✓ Track your progress with spaced repetition
- ✓Learn at your own pace — completely free