Breakdown of Она сидит на удобном стуле.
стул
chair
она
she / it (for a feminine noun)
на
on, at / by (transport) / to (a place) / to (in answer to)
удобный
comfortable / convenient
сидеть
to sit
Questions & Answers about Она сидит на удобном стуле.
Why does the adjective end in -ом here (удобном)?
Because it describes the noun стуле, which is in the Prepositional case after the preposition на (answering "where?"). When a masculine noun like стул changes for the Prepositional case, the adjectives describing it change their ending to -ом (or -ем). So, удобный becomes удобном.
Is there a rule for when to use -ом versus -ем for adjectives in the Prepositional case?
Yes! Most standard adjectives have a "hard" ending, like удобный, and take -ом. You use -ем instead if the adjective has a "soft" ending (like синий becoming синем) or if the adjective ends in certain letters that trigger spelling rules, like ж, ш, ч, щ, or ц.
Wait, the dictionary form of "to sit" is сидеть. Why is it сидит with an "и"?
Сидеть belongs to the second group of Russian verbs (Conjugation 2), even though it ends in -еть. Verbs in this group use -и- in their present tense endings instead of -е-. That is why "she sits" is сидит, just like how говорить becomes говорит.
Does сидит mean "she sits" or "she is sitting"?
It means both! Russian only has one present tense. There is no separate "is doing" (continuous) tense like we have in English. Because she is currently on the chair, "she is sitting" is the best English translation for она сидит in this context.
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