Learn Romanian: Studentul trebuie să învețe pentru acest examen.

After the connecting word să, verbs change into a form called the subjunctive. For most Romanian verbs, the 3rd person form (he, she, they) changes its ending after să. Here, the normal form învață changes to să învețe.

Why doesn't the verb trebuie change to match Studentul?

The verb trebuie (must / to have to) is special in Romanian because it is impersonal. This means it never changes its ending to match the subject. It is always just trebuie, followed by să and the main action verb.

Why does the sentence start with Studentul instead of just Student?

In Romanian, the word for the is attached to the end of the noun instead of coming before it as a separate word. Because student is a masculine noun, we add -ul to the end to mean the student.

Why is it acest examen and not acest examenul?

When you use a pointing word like acest (this) directly in front of a noun, the noun stays in its basic dictionary form. You do not use the the ending on the noun, so it is just acest examen.