Counting the Population
Welcome to the statistics office! In this lesson, you will learn to discuss a country's population using words tailored for demographics. We begin with the foundation of these studies: demografia (the demography) and how we measure it through recensământul (the census).
| The country's demography changes after every census. | Demografia țării se schimbă după fiecare recensământ. |
Birth Rates and the Adverb "Tot"
Populations shift based on natalitatea (the birth rate) and mortalitatea (the death rate).
When you want to emphasize that an action continues to happen or keeps happening, you can place the adverb tot directly before the verb.
| The birth rate is decreasing, and the death rate keeps increasing. | Natalitatea scade, iar mortalitatea tot crește. |
To explain the causes behind changes in sporul (the growth), you can use the prepositional phrase din cauza (because of). Just remember that din cauza requires the noun that follows it to take the genitive case. Notice how natalitatea transforms into natalității.
| The population's growth is negative because of the birth rate. | Sporul populației este negativ din cauza natalității. |
You will also encounter the conjunction de vreme ce (seeing that / since). It is used to introduce known facts that lead to a logical conclusion.
| Seeing that we have the census, we know the level of the death rate. | De vreme ce avem recensământul, știm nivelul mortalității. |
Moving and Settling
Next, let's look at societal shifts driven by factors like fertilitatea (the fertility), urbanizarea (the urbanization), and migrația (the migration).
| The urbanization produced this migration. | Urbanizarea a produs această migrație. |
Another useful conjunction to express a reason or premise is din moment ce (since). Like de vreme ce, it sets up a logical consequence in your sentence.
| Since the migration is growing, they will immigrate here. | Din moment ce migrația crește, ei o să imigreze aici. |
Finally, when discussing when an imigrant (immigrant) chose to imigra (to immigrate), you can use the phrase în urmă cu to mean "ago." For example, în urmă cu treizeci de ani means "thirty years ago."
| An immigrant chose to immigrate thirty years ago. | Un imigrant a ales să imigreze în urmă cu treizeci de ani. |