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Portuguese (Portugal)

Superheroes rarely rely on just one ability. When analyzing their multifaceted powers or secret identities, you need a way to say "in addition to" or "besides".

### Expressing Addition: *Além de* and *Para além de*

In Portuguese, to say "in addition to" or "besides", you can use **além de** or **para além de**. Both expressions mean the same thing and are interchangeable.

To talk about actions—such as "in addition to *having* superhuman strength" or "besides *being* telepathic"—pair these expressions with the **Personal Infinitive**.

### The Personal Infinitive

Unlike English, Portuguese has an infinitive that conjugates to match the subject. This is incredibly useful after prepositions like *de* (which is part of *além de*), because it clarifies exactly *who* is performing the extra action.

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### Sentence Placement

Clauses of addition can sit at the beginning or the end of the sentence. Notice how the personal infinitive matches the subject in the main clause in either position:

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Clauses of addition (além de)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

prep

preposition

pron

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstratives and the verb to be (isto é, o, a)

Subject pronouns and negation (eu, não)

Yes/no questions and question words (quem, o que)

Plural pronouns, articles, and verbs (somos, são, os, as)

Origin and possession (de, do, da)

Introductions (chamar-se)

Indefinite articles (um, uma, uns, umas)

The verb to be for locations (estar)

Contrasting the two verbs to be (ser vs. estar)

Preposition for locations (em, no, na)

Numbers 0 to 10 (zero, um, dois)

The verb to have (tenho, tem)

Regular -ar verbs (falar, trabalhar)

Regular -er verbs (comer, beber)

Regular -ir verbs (abrir, partir)

My, your, and our (o meu, a nossa)

His, hers, and theirs (dele, dela)

Adjective agreement and placement

Days of the week (segunda-feira)

Months of the year (janeiro)

Counting by tens to 100 (trinta, quarenta...)

Telling time (é uma, são...)

Asking about time (quando, a que horas)

The verb to go (ir)

Prepositions of direction (a, para)

Preposition a contractions (ao, à, aos, às)

Prepositions of place (ao lado de, em frente de...)

Demonstratives (este, esse, aquele)

Contractions with demonstratives (neste, desse, daquele)

Asking which and how many (qual, quanto)

Plurals ending in -ão (-ões, -ãos, -ães)

Plurals ending in consonants (-ns, -is, -es)

The verb to like (gostar de)

The verb to need (precisar de)

The verb to want (querer)

The verb can or may (poder)

Expressing obligation (ter de)

Adverbs of degree (muito, pouco)

Quantifiers (muito, pouco)

Comparatives (mais... do que, menos... do que)

Equality comparisons (tão... como)

The preposition com (comigo, contigo)

Coordinating conjunctions (e, mas, ou, porque)

The preposition por (pelo, pela)

Double negation (nunca, nada, ninguém)

Present continuous (estar a)

Near future (ir)

Past tense of regular -ar verbs

Past tense of regular -er and -ir verbs

Past tense of ser and ir (fui, foi)

Direct object pronouns (me, te, o, a, nos, os, as)

Pronoun placement with negatives and questions

Greetings and courtesy (bom dia, obrigado)

Physical states with ter (ter fome, ter frio)

Asking the way (à direita, sempre em frente)

Colours (vermelho, amarelo, cor-de-rosa)

Money and shopping (custar, a moeda)

Getting around (o motorista, a paragem de autocarro)

Weather and seasons (faz calor, o inverno)

Omitting the subject pronoun

Where things are: ficar (Onde fica...?)

Richer questions: que + noun and é que

Numbers above 100 (cento e vinte, mil)

First-person sound changes (durmo, prefiro)

Advice and ability: dever and saber

Asking why: porquê and porque

When one thing happens: quando-clauses

Here and there: aqui, aí, ali (cá e lá)

Formal and plural possessives: o seu, o vosso

Irregular presents: ver, vir, dar

Present irregulars

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Stem-changing reflexives

Attached object pronouns (-lo, -la, -los, -las)

Nasal attached pronouns (-no, -na, -nos, -nas)

Pronoun placement with adverbs

Past tense of fazer, dizer, and trazer

Past tense of ter, estar, poder, and saber

Past tense of querer and vir

Past tense of ver, dar, and ler

Past tense reflexive verbs (-se)

Time elapsed in the past (há)

Question	Answer
in addition to	para além de
telepathic	telepático
In addition to being fast, we are telepathic.	Para além de sermos rápidos, somos telepáticos.
superhuman	sobre-humano
the alter ego	o alter ego
They have superhuman strength, in addition to having an alter ego.	Elas têm uma força sobre-humana, para além de terem um alter ego.
the agility	a agilidade
In addition to having superhuman agility, you can also fly.	Além de teres agilidade sobre-humana, também podes voar.
to teleport	teletransportar
invulnerable	invulnerável
They can teleport, in addition to being invulnerable.	Eles podem teletransportar-se, além de serem invulneráveis.
the vision	a visão
the X-ray	o raio-X
to heal (an illness or person)	curar
In addition to having X-ray vision, they heal the city.	Para além de terem visão de raio-X, eles curam a cidade.
Is your X-ray vision a telepathic power?	A vossa visão de raio-X é um poder telepático?
The villain teleports with agility while his alter ego sleeps.	O vilão teletransporta-se com agilidade enquanto o seu alter ego dorme.
I heal her so that she becomes invulnerable.	Eu curo-a para que ela fique invulnerável.
Did you find out about my superhuman agility?	Ficaste a saber da minha agilidade sobre-humana?
Do not teleport without the suit!	Não te teletransportes sem o fato!
You found out about his vision, in addition to healing the superhero.	Ficaste a saber da visão dele, além de curares o super-herói.