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### The Imperfective Future Tense

To talk about ongoing actions, habits, or routines in the future, Polish uses the imperfective future tense. 

This is formed by combining the future tense of **być** (to be) with the *L-participle* of an imperfective verb. The L-participle is identical to the verb's third-person past tense form.

Here are the future tense forms of **być**:

| Pronoun | Form of "być" |
|---|---|
| ja (I) | będę |
| ty (you) | będziesz |
| on/ona/ono (he/she/it) | będzie |
| my (we) | będziemy |
| wy (you pl.) | będziecie |
| oni/one (they) | będą |

### Singular Forms

In the singular, the L-participle matches the gender of the subject: masculine (**-ł**), feminine (**-ła**), or neuter (**-ło**).

{{item:956009}}

{{item:956011}}

When a sentence involves multiple people doing ongoing actions, the L-participles change to match each person's gender.

{{item:956019}}

### Plural Forms

In the plural, the L-participle distinguishes between masculine personal groups (which include at least one man) and non-masculine groups (women, children, animals, and objects).

- **Masculine personal** uses the ending **-li**.
- **Non-masculine** uses the ending **-ły**.

{{item:956014}}

### Negation and Questions

To make a negative statement, simply place **nie** before the conjugated form of **być**.

{{item:956023}}

{{item:956020}}

To ask a yes/no question about future plans or habits, start the sentence with **czy**.

{{item:956027}}

{{item:956029}}

Imperfective future (będę odpoczywał)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

predicative

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

This is (to jest)

The verb to be, singular (być)

Formal address (Pan, Pani)

Demonstrative pronouns (ten, ta, to)

Adjective agreement

Negation (nie)

Basic questions (czy, kto, co, gdzie, jak)

The verb to be, plural (być)

Present tense -m/-sz verbs

Reflexive verbs (się)

Coordinating conjunctions (i, a, ale)

Feminine direct objects (Accusative)

Inanimate direct objects (Accusative)

Animate masculine direct objects (Accusative)

Present tense verbs 2 (-ę, -isz / -ysz)

Expressing location (w, na)

Locative adjective agreement

Professions and nationalities (Instrumental)

Accompaniment (z + Instrumental)

Present tense verbs 3 (-ę, -esz)

Plural possessives (nasz, wasz)

Numbers 1 to 10

Genitive of possession

Genitive of negation

Lack or absence (nie ma)

Basic quantifiers (dużo, mało, trochę)

Liking things (podoba mi się)

Modal verbs (móc, musieć)

Subordinating conjunctions (bo, że)

Unidirectional motion verbs (iść, jechać)

Expressing age (mieć... lat)

Habitual motion (chodzić, jeździć)

Expressing destination (do)

Days of the week (poniedziałek, wtorek...)

Plural nouns for objects and animals

Plural nouns for people

Plural adjective agreement

Accusative object pronouns (go, ją, je...)

The past tense of to be (był)

Singular past tense (-łem, -łam...)

Expressing age (mieć + lata / lat)

Plural past tense (-li / -ły)

Perfective past tense

Future tense (będę + infinitive)

Age: one year (mieć rok)

Prices and currency (złoty, grosz)

Destination (na + accusative)

Non-masculine plurals (-e, -y, -i)

Instrumental pronouns (ze mną, z tobą)

To know (znać vs wiedzieć)

The future perfective tense

The imperative mood

Months of the year (styczeń, luty)

Greetings and farewells (dzień dobry, cześć)

Introducing yourself (mam na imię)

Thank you and sorry (dziękuję, przepraszam)

Left, right, up and down (po lewej stronie)

Parts of the body (ręka, noga)

Parts of the day (dzień, noc, południe)

What is it like? (jaki, jaka, jakie)

Speaking Polish (mówić po polsku)

Instrumental for adjectives (dobrym, dobrą)

Please do... (proszę + infinitive)

Interests (interesować się + Instrumental)

Can one? (można, trzeba, nie wolno)

By bus or by train (jechać autobusem)

Where are you from? (jestem z Polski)

Where exactly? (obok, przy, przed, za, pod, nad)

What time is it? (Która godzina?)

Not seeing her (go, jej, ich; niego, niej, nich)

When I have time (kiedy as a conjunction)

Irregular past stems (miał, mieli)

The verb 'iść' in the past (szedł, szli)

Past aspect (robił vs zrobił)

Future aspect (będzie malował vs pomaluje)

Perfective motion with po- (pójść, pojechać)

Arrival verbs with przy- (przyjść, przyjechać)

Departure verbs with wy- (wyjść, wyjechać)

The Vocative case (Panie, Mamo)

Plural possessives (moi, moje)

Reflexive possessive pronouns (swój)

Genitive plural of masculine nouns (-ów, -y, -i)

Genitive plural of feminine and neuter nouns

Genitive plural of adjectives (-ych, -ich)

Accusative plural of masculine personal nouns

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Question	Answer
next (future)	przyszły
Next weekend I will be resting.	W przyszły weekend będę odpoczywał.
to visit (people) / to visit (a place)	odwiedzać
Tomorrow I will be visiting my grandmother.	Jutro będę odwiedzała moją babcię.
to spend	spędzać
garden	ogród
We will be spending a lot of time in the garden.	Będziemy spędzali dużo czasu w ogrodzie.
We will be resting next week.	Będziemy odpoczywali w przyszłym tygodniu.
to renovate	remontować
kitchen	kuchnia
He will be renovating the kitchen for a whole month.	On będzie remontował kuchnię cały miesiąc.
All weekend I will be cleaning the kitchen, and my brother will be sleeping.	Cały weekend będę sprzątała kuchnię, a mój brat będzie spał.
We will not be visiting him in the hospital.	Nie będziemy go odwiedzały w szpitalu.
at (playing a game)	w
tennis	tenis
He will not be playing tennis, because he has to renovate the house.	On nie będzie grał w tenisa, bo musi remontować dom.
soon	wkrótce
Will you be cleaning this room soon?	Czy będziecie wkrótce sprzątali ten pokój?
workout	trening
Will you be having a workout on Monday?	Czy będziesz miała trening w poniedziałek?
bicycle	rower
Will you be riding a bike soon?	Czy będziecie niedługo jeździli na rowerze?
They will be playing tennis in front of the school.	Oni będą grali w tenisa przed szkołą.
I usually rest under a tree, but today I will be reading at home.	Zwykle odpoczywam pod drzewem, ale dzisiaj będę czytał w domu.
Tomorrow I will be having a workout, because my leg doesn't hurt anymore.	Jutro będę miała trening, bo nie boli mnie już noga.
My brother will be riding a bicycle for a long time.	Mój brat będzie długo jeździł na rowerze.
Soon my grandfather will be spending time in the garden.	Wkrótce mój dziadek będzie spędzał czas w ogrodzie.
to spend (time) (perfective; imperfective spędzać)	spędzić
I spent the whole day in the garden.	Spędziłem cały dzień w ogrodzie.
Where do you want to spend the weekend?	Gdzie chcesz spędzić weekend?

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