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### Expressing Frequency: How often?

To talk about how often an event occurs, use **raz** (once) or **dwa razy** (twice).

To say "a week," "a month," or "a year," use the preposition **w** followed by the Locative case of the time unit:

- **w tygodniu** (once/twice a week)
- **w miesiącu** (once/twice a month)
- **w roku** (once/twice a year)

Let's see this in action with regular car maintenance. You will use nouns like **przegląd** (inspection), **olej** (oil), and **filtr** (filter).

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### Chores Around the House

These same frequency phrases are perfect for household chores. Key verbs include **odkurzać** (to vacuum) and **kosić** (to mow).

Notice how frequency pairs with these chores, such as mowing the **trawnik** (lawn) or vacuuming a room.

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If a task happens on a steady schedule but you don't need to specify the exact number of times, use the adverb **regularnie** (regularly).

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### Health and Personal Habits

Applying this grammar to your health and personal routines works exactly the same way. For medical check-ups, you might schedule a **badanie krwi** (blood test) or take medication.

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Expressing frequency (raz w...)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

predicative

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

This is (to jest)

The verb to be, singular (być)

Formal address (Pan, Pani)

Demonstrative pronouns (ten, ta, to)

Adjective agreement

Negation (nie)

Basic questions (czy, kto, co, gdzie, jak)

The verb to be, plural (być)

Present tense -m/-sz verbs

Reflexive verbs (się)

Coordinating conjunctions (i, a, ale)

Feminine direct objects (Accusative)

Inanimate direct objects (Accusative)

Animate masculine direct objects (Accusative)

Present tense verbs 2 (-ę, -isz / -ysz)

Expressing location (w, na)

Locative adjective agreement

Professions and nationalities (Instrumental)

Accompaniment (z + Instrumental)

Present tense verbs 3 (-ę, -esz)

Plural possessives (nasz, wasz)

Numbers 1 to 10

Genitive of possession

Genitive of negation

Lack or absence (nie ma)

Basic quantifiers (dużo, mało, trochę)

Liking things (podoba mi się)

Modal verbs (móc, musieć)

Subordinating conjunctions (bo, że)

Unidirectional motion verbs (iść, jechać)

Expressing age (mieć... lat)

Habitual motion (chodzić, jeździć)

Expressing destination (do)

Days of the week (poniedziałek, wtorek...)

Plural nouns for objects and animals

Plural nouns for people

Plural adjective agreement

Accusative object pronouns (go, ją, je...)

The past tense of to be (był)

Singular past tense (-łem, -łam...)

Expressing age (mieć + lata / lat)

Plural past tense (-li / -ły)

Perfective past tense

Future tense (będę + infinitive)

Age: one year (mieć rok)

Prices and currency (złoty, grosz)

Destination (na + accusative)

Non-masculine plurals (-e, -y, -i)

Instrumental pronouns (ze mną, z tobą)

To know (znać vs wiedzieć)

The future perfective tense

The imperative mood

Months of the year (styczeń, luty)

Greetings and farewells (dzień dobry, cześć)

Introducing yourself (mam na imię)

Thank you and sorry (dziękuję, przepraszam)

Left, right, up and down (po lewej stronie)

Parts of the body (ręka, noga)

Parts of the day (dzień, noc, południe)

What is it like? (jaki, jaka, jakie)

Speaking Polish (mówić po polsku)

Instrumental for adjectives (dobrym, dobrą)

Please do... (proszę + infinitive)

Interests (interesować się + Instrumental)

Can one? (można, trzeba, nie wolno)

By bus or by train (jechać autobusem)

Where are you from? (jestem z Polski)

Where exactly? (obok, przy, przed, za, pod, nad)

What time is it? (Która godzina?)

Not seeing her (go, jej, ich; niego, niej, nich)

When I have time (kiedy as a conjunction)

Irregular past stems (miał, mieli)

The verb 'iść' in the past (szedł, szli)

Imperfective future (będę odpoczywał)

Past aspect (robił vs zrobił)

Future aspect (będzie malował vs pomaluje)

Perfective motion with po- (pójść, pojechać)

Arrival verbs with przy- (przyjść, przyjechać)

Departure verbs with wy- (wyjść, wyjechać)

The Vocative case (Panie, Mamo)

Plural possessives (moi, moje)

Reflexive possessive pronouns (swój)

Genitive plural of masculine nouns (-ów, -y, -i)

Genitive plural of feminine and neuter nouns

Genitive plural of adjectives (-ych, -ich)

Accusative plural of masculine personal nouns

Question	Answer
inspection	przegląd
We do an inspection twice a year.	Robimy przegląd dwa razy w roku.
to replace	wymieniać
oil	olej
The mechanic does an inspection and replaces the oil once a year.	Mechanik robi przegląd i wymienia olej raz w roku.
filter	filtr
regularly	regularnie
Let's replace the filters regularly because it is important!	Wymieniajmy filtry regularnie, bo to ważne!
Does he buy a new filter and oil once a month?	Czy on kupuje nowy filtr i olej raz w miesiącu?
blood	krew
My grandfather does a blood test once a year.	Mój dziadek robi badanie krwi raz w roku.
I take medicine once a week.	Biorę lekarstwo raz w tygodniu.
to vacuum	odkurzać
I vacuum the carpet once a week because it is dirty.	Odkurzam dywan raz w tygodniu, bo jest brudny.
garage	garaż
Let's vacuum our old garage once a month!	Odkurzajmy nasz stary garaż raz w miesiącu!
This new car stands in the garage.	Ten nowy samochód stoi w garażu.
to mow	kosić
lawn	trawnik
My husband mows our large lawn once a week.	Mój mąż kosi nasz duży trawnik raz w tygodniu.
The young boy mows this lawn regularly.	Młody chłopak kosi ten trawnik regularnie.
Do you go to the cinema twice a month?	Czy państwo chodzą do kina dwa razy w miesiącu?
I drink good coffee twice a week.	Piję dobrą kawę dwa razy w tygodniu.
When I mow the lawn, I often drink cold water.	Kiedy koszę trawnik, często piję zimną wodę.
I do a blood test once a year.	Robię badanie krwi raz w roku.