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### Saying "On" a Day

To say you do something "on" a specific day, use the preposition **w** (or **we**) followed by the **Accusative case**.

- **Masculine days** (*poniedziałek, wtorek, czwartek, piątek*) do not change their form.
- **Feminine days** (*środa, sobota, niedziela*) change their ending from **-a** to **-ę** (e.g., *w środę*).

For easier pronunciation, **w** becomes **we** before *wtorek*.

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### Telling Time: "At" an Hour

To say "at" a specific hour, Polish uses the preposition **o** followed by the **Locative case** of an ordinal number (literally: "at the first hour").

Because *godzina* (hour) is feminine, ordinal numbers take feminine endings. In the Locative case, these end in **-ej**:
- pierwsza ➔ **o pierwszej** (at one)
- druga ➔ **o drugiej** (at two)
- trzecia ➔ **o trzeciej** (at three)

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### The Weekend and Later Hours

The weekend days—**sobota** (Saturday) and **niedziela** (Sunday)—are feminine, so they also take the **-ę** ending (*w sobotę, w niedzielę*).

For the hours four (*czwarta*) and five (*piąta*), the Locative ending is also **-ej** (*o czwartej, o piątej*).

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### Ordinal Numbers in Other Contexts

Ordinal numbers act like adjectives, changing their endings to match the noun they describe:
- For **neuter nouns** in the Nominative case (like *spotkanie* or *piwo*), they end in **-e** (*pierwsze, piąte*).
- For **feminine nouns** in the Accusative case (like *kawę*), they end in **-ą** (*trzecią*).

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Days of the week (poniedziałek, wtorek...)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

predicative

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

This is (to jest)

The verb to be, singular (być)

Formal address (Pan, Pani)

Demonstrative pronouns (ten, ta, to)

Adjective agreement

Negation (nie)

Basic questions (czy, kto, co, gdzie, jak)

The verb to be, plural (być)

Present tense -m/-sz verbs

Reflexive verbs (się)

Coordinating conjunctions (i, a, ale)

Feminine direct objects (Accusative)

Inanimate direct objects (Accusative)

Animate masculine direct objects (Accusative)

Present tense verbs 2 (-ę, -isz / -ysz)

Expressing location (w, na)

Locative adjective agreement

Professions and nationalities (Instrumental)

Accompaniment (z + Instrumental)

Present tense verbs 3 (-ę, -esz)

Plural possessives (nasz, wasz)

Numbers 1 to 10

Genitive of possession

Genitive of negation

Lack or absence (nie ma)

Basic quantifiers (dużo, mało, trochę)

Liking things (podoba mi się)

Modal verbs (móc, musieć)

Subordinating conjunctions (bo, że)

Unidirectional motion verbs (iść, jechać)

Expressing age (mieć... lat)

Habitual motion (chodzić, jeździć)

Expressing destination (do)

Plural nouns for objects and animals

Plural nouns for people

Plural adjective agreement

Accusative object pronouns (go, ją, je...)

The past tense of to be (był)

Singular past tense (-łem, -łam...)

Expressing age (mieć + lata / lat)

Plural past tense (-li / -ły)

Perfective past tense

Future tense (będę + infinitive)

Age: one year (mieć rok)

Prices and currency (złoty, grosz)

Destination (na + accusative)

Non-masculine plurals (-e, -y, -i)

Instrumental pronouns (ze mną, z tobą)

To know (znać vs wiedzieć)

The future perfective tense

The imperative mood

Months of the year (styczeń, luty)

Greetings and farewells (dzień dobry, cześć)

Introducing yourself (mam na imię)

Thank you and sorry (dziękuję, przepraszam)

Left, right, up and down (po lewej stronie)

Parts of the body (ręka, noga)

Parts of the day (dzień, noc, południe)

What is it like? (jaki, jaka, jakie)

Speaking Polish (mówić po polsku)

Instrumental for adjectives (dobrym, dobrą)

Please do... (proszę + infinitive)

Interests (interesować się + Instrumental)

Can one? (można, trzeba, nie wolno)

By bus or by train (jechać autobusem)

Where are you from? (jestem z Polski)

Where exactly? (obok, przy, przed, za, pod, nad)

What time is it? (Która godzina?)

Not seeing her (go, jej, ich; niego, niej, nich)

When I have time (kiedy as a conjunction)

Irregular past stems (miał, mieli)

The verb 'iść' in the past (szedł, szli)

Imperfective future (będę odpoczywał)

Past aspect (robił vs zrobił)

Future aspect (będzie malował vs pomaluje)

Perfective motion with po- (pójść, pojechać)

Arrival verbs with przy- (przyjść, przyjechać)

Departure verbs with wy- (wyjść, wyjechać)

The Vocative case (Panie, Mamo)

Plural possessives (moi, moje)

Reflexive possessive pronouns (swój)

Genitive plural of masculine nouns (-ów, -y, -i)

Genitive plural of feminine and neuter nouns

Genitive plural of adjectives (-ych, -ich)

Accusative plural of masculine personal nouns

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Question	Answer
Monday	poniedziałek
On Monday I work at home.	W poniedziałek pracuję w domu.
Tuesday	wtorek
Do you work on Monday or on Tuesday?	Pracujesz w poniedziałek czy we wtorek?
On Tuesday we always watch a movie.	We wtorek zawsze oglądamy film.
Wednesday	środa
On Wednesday I have a meeting.	W środę mam spotkanie.
Thursday	czwartek
On Wednesday I am busy, and on Thursday I rest.	W środę jestem zajęty, a w czwartek odpoczywam.
Friday	piątek
at (time)	o
first	pierwszy
On Friday at one o'clock we are having lunch.	W piątek o pierwszej jemy obiad.
second / the other (in 'one another')	drugi
On Thursday at two o'clock I usually read a book.	W czwartek o drugiej zwykle czytam książkę.
third	trzeci
The meeting is on Friday at three o'clock.	Spotkanie jest w piątek o trzeciej.
Saturday	sobota
fourth	czwarty
On Saturday at four o'clock we are going for a walk.	W sobotę o czwartej idziemy na spacer.
Sunday	niedziela
Do you rest on Saturday and Sunday?	Czy odpoczywasz w sobotę i niedzielę?
fifth	piąty
On Sunday at five o'clock I am drinking coffee.	W niedzielę o piątej piję kawę.
The first meeting is at two o'clock.	Pierwsze spotkanie jest o drugiej.
I am drinking my third coffee today.	Piję dzisiaj trzecią kawę.
My fourth meeting is at five o'clock.	Czwarte spotkanie mam o piątej.
This is my fifth beer today!	To moje piąte piwo dzisiaj!

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