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When reading horoscopes or consulting a fortune teller, you will often express hopes, predictions, and requirements about the future. Just like with regular verbs, these expressions trigger the **present subjunctive** (*viðtengingarháttur nútíðar*).

### Forming the Present Subjunctive for Strong and Group 3 Verbs
Strong verbs (like *finna*, *fá*, and *sjá*) and Group 3 weak verbs (like *segja*) are highly predictable in the present subjunctive. To form it, take the infinitive of the verb, remove the final **-a** (if it has one), and add the standard subjunctive endings: **-i, -ir, -i** for the singular, and **-um, -ið, -i** for the plural.

| Pronoun | finna (Strong) | segja (Group 3) |
|---|---|---|
| ég | finni | segi |
| þú | finnir | segir |
| hann/hún/það | finni | segi |
| við | finnum | segjum |
| þið | finnið | segið |
| þeir/þær/þau | finni | segi |

*Note: For Group 3 verbs with a "j" in the infinitive like* segja*, the "j" drops out before the "i" endings, but remains before the "u" ending.*

For strong verbs that already end in a vowel in the infinitive, like *sjá* (to see) or *fá* (to get), you simply attach the endings directly to the infinitive (e.g., *ég sjái*, *hún fái*).

### Expressing Hopes
When discussing fate and the future, the phrase **vona að** (hope that) is very common. It always forces the verb in the following clause into the subjunctive.

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### Expressing Importance and Framing Predictions
Phrases that declare something to be important, like **það er mikilvægt að** (it is important that), also require the subjunctive mood. Furthermore, framing a prediction or a topic of discussion with **að**—such as **spá um það að** (predict that) or **tala um það að** (talk about the fact that)—often triggers the subjunctive for the action being discussed.

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The present subjunctive for strong verbs

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Presentative and the definite suffix (þetta er, -inn, -in, -ið)

Singular pronouns and to be (ég er, þú ert)

Singular adjective agreement

Yes/no questions (ert þú…?)

Basic negation (ekki)

Plural pronouns and to be (við erum, þeir eru)

Group 1 weak verbs (-ar)

Group 2 and 3 verbs (-ir, -ur)

Information questions (hvað, hver, hvar)

Expressing opinions (mér finnst, mér líkar)

Expressing desires (mig langar)

Numbers 1 to 10 (einn, tveir, þrír)

Direct objects on indefinite nouns

Direct objects on definite nouns

Singular object pronouns (mig, þig...)

Plural object pronouns (okkur, ykkur...)

Directional prepositions (um, í, á)

Verb-second word order

Expressing intentions (ætla að)

Needs and wants (þurfa, vilja)

Middle voice verbs (-st)

Possessive pronouns (minn, þinn)

Dative case with prepositions (í, á, frá)

Definite dative nouns (-num, -nni, -nu)

Dative personal pronouns (honum, henni, þeim)

Plural nouns (-ar, -ir, -ur)

Definite plural nouns (-nir, -nar, -in)

Accusative plural nouns

Number agreement 1 to 4 (einn, tveir…)

Singular commands

Past tense of the verb to be (var, vorum)

Present continuous (vera að)

Strong verbs in the present tense

Weather and dummy subjects (það)

Invariable possessive pronouns (hans, hennar, þeirra)

Accusative possessives (minn, þinn)

Accompaniment (með)

Dative plural (-um, -unum)

Compound sentences (og, en, eða)

"This" in the nominative (þessi, þessi, þetta)

"This" in the accusative (þennan, þessa, þetta)

Accusative adjectives (-an, -a, -t)

Numbers 1 to 4 in the accusative (einn, tvo, þrjá)

Third-person reflexive pronouns (sig, sér)

The preposition "to" with the genitive (til)

Subordinating conjunctions (að, af því að)

Simple past of weak verbs (-aði)

Question words (hvernig, hvaða)

Physical possession (vera með)

Abstract possession (hafa)

Telling time (hálf, korter)

Plural commands (-ið)

The simple past tense (-di, -ti, -ði)

Possessive noun endings (-s, -ar)

Days of the week (á mánudaginn, á mánudögum)

Kveðjur — greetings (halló, bless)

Um mig — where I am from

Kurteisi — please, sorry, congratulations

Ability and knowing how (kunna að)

Permission (mega)

Obligation (eiga að)

Plural strong verbs

Numbers 11 to 20 (ellefu, tólf...)

Counting by tens to 100 (þrjátíu, fjörutíu...)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (fyrsti, annar...)

All / everything / everyone (allur)

The indefinite pronoun someone (einhver)

The indefinite pronoun no one (enginn)

Compound numbers from 21 (tuttugu og)

This in the dative singular (þessum, þessari, þessu)

These in the dative plural (þessum)

My and your in the dative (mínum, þínum)

Numbers 1 to 4 in the dative (einum, tveimur)

Adjectives in the dative singular (-um, -ri, -u)

Adjectives in the dative plural (-um)

Reflexive possessive in the accusative (sinn, sína, sitt)

Reflexive possessive in the dative (sínum, sinni)

Reflexive versus regular possessives (sinn, hans)

Demonstrative plural (þessir, þessar, þessi)

Definite genitive singular (-sins, -arinnar)

Indefinite genitive plural (-a)

Definite genitive plural (-anna)

Genitive prepositions (án, milli, vegna)

Prepositions of direction (yfir, undir, fyrir)

Prepositions of static location (yfir, undir, fyrir)

Question	Answer
the astrology	stjörnuspekin
the zodiac sign	stjörnumerkið
I was reading about astrology before I saw your zodiac sign.	Ég var að lesa um stjörnuspekina áður en ég sá stjörnumerkið þitt.
the horoscope	stjörnuspáin
I hope that the horoscope says something good.	Ég vona að stjörnuspáin segi eitthvað gott.
the fortune teller	spákonan
the fate	örlögin
The fortune teller hopes that fate finds you.	Spákonan vonar að örlögin finni þig.
mysterious	dularfullur
the crystal ball	kristalskúlan
It is important that the mysterious fortune teller sees you in the crystal ball.	Það er mikilvægt að dularfulla spákonan sjái þig í kristalskúlunni.
the soulmate	sálufélaginn
I hope that your soulmate finds you soon.	Ég vona að sálufélaginn þinn finni þig bráðum.
to predict	spá
She predicts that your zodiac sign will have a good day.	Hún spáir um það að stjörnumerkið þitt fái góðan dag.
the intuition	innsæið
I hope that intuition gives you the answer.	Ég vona að innsæið gefi þér svarið.
Astrology is mysterious, but I was reading the horoscope.	Stjörnuspekin er dularfull en ég var að lesa stjörnuspána.
It is important that my soulmate sits with me.	Það er mikilvægt að sálufélaginn minn sitji hjá mér.
We were talking about the fact that fate tells the truth.	Við vorum að tala um það að örlögin segi sannleikann.
I hope that you predict well before you use your intuition.	Ég vona að þú spáir vel áður en þú notar innsæið.
I hope that the fortune teller examines the crystal ball.	Ég vona að spákonan skoði kristalskúluna.