Object fronting (Þetta gler bræðir hann)

Fronting the Object

Icelandic word order is relatively flexible, but it strictly follows the V2 rule: the conjugated verb must almost always be the second element in a main clause.

Normally, sentences follow a Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) order. However, if you want to emphasize or contrast the object of your sentence, you can move it to the very front.

When the object takes the first position, the verb must stay in the second position. This forces the subject to move right after the verb, creating an Object-Verb-Subject (OVS) inversion.

This craft, the glassblower loves.
Þetta handverk elskar glerblásarinn.
The blowing, he finishes much faster now.
Blásturinn klárar hann miklu hraðar núna.

Keeping Modifiers Together

When you front an object, you must bring all of its attached adjectives, articles, or demonstrative pronouns along with it.

Because Icelandic uses a case system, it is easy to tell who is doing the action and who is receiving it, regardless of word order. The fronted object keeps the case assigned by the verb (such as the accusative), while the subject remains in the nominative case.

The white glass, she melts in an oven.
Hvíta glerið bræðir hún í ofni.
This big pair of tongs, the glassblower uses often.
Þessa stóru töng notar glerblásarinn oft.
The transparent vase, the woman puts into the cooling oven.
Gagnsæja vasann setur konan í kæliofninn.

Adverbs in Inverted Sentences

When subject-verb inversion occurs, adverbs describing time, frequency, or manner (such as ekki, aldrei, or mjög varlega) will generally follow the inverted subject.

The quick blowing, this glass does not tolerate.
Snögga blásturinn þolir þetta gler ekki.
This cold pair of tongs, you must never use.
Þessa köldu töng mátt þú aldrei nota.
The liquid glass, he blows very carefully.
Fljótandi glerið blæs hann mjög varlega.