Я записую нові слова в зошит.

Because записувати means to write down, to note down, or to record in writing. It is more specific than писати, which just means to write.

So:

• Я пишу слова = I am writing words
• Я записую слова = I am writing words down / noting them down

In this sentence, the idea is not just writing in general, but putting the words into a notebook as notes, so записую is the natural choice.

Записую is present tense, imperfective aspect.

That means it can describe:

• something happening right now: I am writing down new words
• something done regularly or habitually: I write down new words

Ukrainian present-tense imperfective often covers both ideas, and context tells you which one is meant.

The perfective partner is запишу, which usually means I will write down or I’ll get it written down.

Not always. Ukrainian often drops subject pronouns because the verb ending already shows who is doing the action.

Here, записую already means I write down / I am writing down, because the ending -ю marks first person singular.

So both are possible:

• Я записую нові слова в зошит.
• Записую нові слова в зошит.

Including Я can add emphasis, contrast, or clarity.

Because слова is the plural of слово.

This can be confusing for English speakers, because -а often looks like a singular ending. But слово is a neuter noun, and many neuter nouns form the plural in -а / -я.

So:

• слово = word
• слова = words

So even though слова ends in -а, it is definitely plural here.

Because нові слова is the direct object of the verb, so it is in the accusative case.

For inanimate plural nouns in Ukrainian, the accusative plural has the same form as the nominative plural. That is why you get:

• нові слова

and not:

• нових слів

Here is the pattern:

• nominative: нові слова
• accusative: нові слова

But:

• genitive: нових слів

So нових слів would be a different case and would be used in different structures.

This is a very common question.

Here, в зошит uses в + accusative, and that is natural with verbs like записувати, because the idea is writing something into the notebook.

By contrast, в зошиті is locative, which usually describes a static location, meaning in the notebook as a place.

So the difference is roughly:

• записую в зошит = I write it down into the notebook
• у зошиті = in the notebook

Also, зошит is a masculine inanimate noun, and for masculine inanimate nouns, accusative singular looks the same as nominative singular, so зошит does not change form visibly here.

Yes. в and у often alternate in Ukrainian for euphony, meaning speakers choose the version that sounds smoother.

So both are natural:

• Я записую нові слова в зошит.
• Я записую нові слова у зошит.

The meaning does not change. The choice usually depends on surrounding sounds and rhythm.

No. Ukrainian word order is fairly flexible.

The sentence as given is a neutral, straightforward order:

• Я записую нові слова в зошит.

But other orders are possible, with different emphasis:

• Нові слова я записую в зошит.
  Emphasizes new words

• В зошит я записую нові слова.
  Emphasizes where I write them

• Я в зошит записую нові слова.
  Also possible, with a different information focus

So word order in Ukrainian often shows emphasis rather than changing the basic meaning.

Because many Ukrainian verbs ending in -увати form the first person singular present with -ую.

So:

• записувати = to write down
• я записую = I write down / I am writing down

This is a normal pattern. Compare:

• малювати → я малюю
• танцювати → я танцюю
• працювати → я працюю

So записую is a regular present-tense form.

Зошит usually means a notebook, especially a school notebook or exercise book used for writing notes, homework, vocabulary, and similar things.

So in this sentence, it fits very naturally: you are writing new words into a notebook for study.

It does not mean a laptop or computer notebook. For that, Ukrainian would use a different word, such as ноутбук.