Суглоб рухається.

Суглоб is nominative singular here, because it is the subject of the sentence.

A quick breakdown:

• суглоб = joint
• singular = one joint
• nominative = the form used for the subject

It is also a masculine noun.

Because the verb here is рухатися, not рухати.

• рухати = to move something
• рухатися = to move, to be moving, to move oneself

So:

• Суглоб рухається. = The joint moves / is moving.
• Лікар рухає суглоб. = The doctor moves the joint.

In your sentence, the joint itself is the thing that moves, so рухається is the correct form.

-ся is a very common Ukrainian ending that often makes a verb reflexive or intransitive.

In this sentence, it shows that the action happens with the subject itself, not to a separate object.

So:

• рухати = to move something
• рухатися = to move oneself / to be in motion

In natural English, you usually do not translate -ся as a separate word. You just use the right English verb:

• рухається = moves / is moving

Рухається is:

• present tense
• 3rd person singular

That means it corresponds to:

• he moves
• she moves
• it moves

Here the subject is суглоб, so the meaning is the joint moves or the joint is moving.

It can mean either, depending on context.

Ukrainian present-tense imperfective verbs often cover both:

• a general/habitual meaning: moves
• an ongoing right now meaning: is moving

So Суглоб рухається could mean:

• The joint moves.
• The joint is moving.

The surrounding context tells you which is meant.

Because Ukrainian has no articles.

Unlike English, Ukrainian does not normally use words like:

• the
• a / an

So Суглоб рухається could be understood as:

• The joint moves
• A joint moves

In real use, context usually makes it clear which one is meant.

No, Ukrainian word order is fairly flexible.

Суглоб рухається is the most neutral order:

• subject + verb

You could also say:

• Рухається суглоб.

That is grammatically possible, but it changes the emphasis. It may sound more like:

• The thing that is moving is the joint or
• The joint is moving with extra focus on the action

For learners, Суглоб рухається is the safest neutral version.

A rough English-friendly pronunciation is:

soo-HLOB ROO-kha-ye-tsya

A few notes:

• г in Ukrainian is usually pronounced like a voiced h, not like the English g in go
• х sounds like the ch in Scottish loch or German Bach
• -ться / -ється is often heard roughly as -tsya / -yetsya by English speakers

So do not pronounce г as a hard g.

The dictionary form is рухатися.

When you look verbs up in a dictionary, you normally find the infinitive form, which in Ukrainian often ends in -ти or -тися / -ся.

So:

• sentence form: рухається
• dictionary form: рухатися

That is the form you would memorize when learning the verb.

Рухатися is imperfective.

That means it is used for:

• ongoing actions
• repeated actions
• general statements
• processes without focus on completion

So Суглоб рухається presents the movement as a process or fact, not as a completed event.

This is why it can naturally mean:

• The joint moves
• The joint is moving