Breakdown of Лікарняний є в медичній картці.
в
in
бути
to be
медична картка
the medical record
лікарняний
sick leave
Questions & Answers about Лікарняний є в медичній картці.
Why does лікарняний look like an adjective if it refers to a thing?
Because it originally is an adjective, but here it is being used as a noun. This is very common in Ukrainian.
So лікарняний literally has the form of an adjective, but in real usage it can mean something like:
- sick leave
- a sick note
- a medical certificate for sick leave
This is called substantivization: an adjective starts functioning like a noun.
In this sentence, лікарняний is in the nominative singular masculine form, because it is the subject of the sentence.
Can лікарняний mean the period of sick leave, or only the document?
It can mean either, depending on context.
Commonly, лікарняний can refer to:
- the sick-leave document / certificate
- the time someone is officially on sick leave
In this sentence, because it says in the medical record/card, the meaning is much more likely the document / note / record of sick leave, not the time period itself.
So context tells you which meaning is intended.
What does є mean here, and do Ukrainians always use it in the present tense?