Yeni veri eski varsayımı çürüttü.

The subject is yeni veri and the object is eski varsayımı.

• yeni veri = new data
• eski varsayımı = the old assumption / hypothesis (as the direct object)
• çürüttü = refuted / disproved

In Turkish, the direct object is often marked with the accusative ending, which helps you see what is being acted on.

So here:

• Yeni veri = the thing doing the action
• eski varsayımı = the thing receiving the action

The -ı is the accusative case ending, used for a specific definite direct object.

The base noun is varsayım = assumption / hypothesis.

When it becomes a definite direct object, Turkish adds the accusative ending:

• varsayım → varsayımı

There is also a buffer consonant -y- between the noun and the ending:

• varsayım + ı would be awkward
• so Turkish uses varsayım + y + ı → varsayımı

This often happens when a noun ends in a vowel-like sound environment that needs smoothing, or more precisely when a vowel-initial suffix attaches and Turkish inserts y for ease of pronunciation.

So eski varsayımı means the old assumption/hypothesis as a specific object.

Because veri is the subject, and subjects in Turkish are normally in the nominative, which usually has no visible ending.

So:

• veri = data
• no extra suffix is needed to show it is the subject

This is very common in Turkish:

• subject: usually unmarked
• definite direct object: often marked with accusative

That contrast helps you read the sentence structure.

Because Turkish adjectives normally come before the noun they describe, just like in English.

So:

• yeni veri = new data
• eski varsayım = old assumption

Also, Turkish adjectives do not change form for number, gender, or case.

For example:

• yeni veri
• yeni veriler
• eski varsayım
• eski varsayımlar

The adjectives yeni and eski stay the same.

Because Turkish is typically an SOV language:

• Subject + Object + Verb

So this sentence follows the usual pattern:

• Yeni veri = subject
• eski varsayımı = object
• çürüttü = verb

That gives:

• Yeni veri eski varsayımı çürüttü.

This final-verb pattern is one of the most important word-order habits in Turkish.

The dictionary form is çürütmek, meaning to refute, to disprove, or sometimes to invalidate.

In the sentence, çürüttü is the past tense, third person singular form:

• çürütmek = to refute
• çürüttü = he/she/it refuted

Since the subject is yeni veri, the English translation is the new data refuted/disproved...

It comes from the verb stem çürüt- plus the Turkish past tense suffix.

Step by step:

• dictionary form: çürütmek
• remove -mek → çürüt-
• add past tense -DI (which changes according to vowel harmony and consonant voicing)

Because the stem ends in t, the suffix appears as -tü rather than -dü.

So:

• çürüt- + tü → çürüttü

You see tt because:

• the stem already ends in t
• the suffix also begins with t

So çürüttü literally means refuted.

Turkish past tense has a suffix often written as -DI, but its actual form changes for two reasons:

1. Vowel harmony
2. Consonant voicing/devoicing

In çürüttü:

1. Vowel harmony

The last vowel of the stem is ü, so the past suffix uses a matching front rounded vowel: ü.

2. Consonant devoicing

After a voiceless consonant like t, the suffix begins with t instead of d.

So:

• abstract suffix: -DI
• actual form here: -tü

That gives:

• çürüt- + tü → çürüttü

Yes, Turkish word order is somewhat flexible, but the neutral, most standard order is the one you see here:

• Yeni veri eski varsayımı çürüttü.

Because the object has the accusative ending -ı, Turkish can still show its role even if the order changes.

For example, you might also see:

• Eski varsayımı yeni veri çürüttü.

This can put more focus on the old assumption.

But for learners, the safest default is:

• Subject + Object + Verb

In Turkish, veri is usually treated as a singular collective noun meaning data.

So yeni veri can naturally mean:

• new data

Even though English speakers may think of data as plural in formal English, Turkish commonly uses veri as a singular mass/collective noun.

If you want to talk about individual data items or multiple pieces of data, Turkish can also use the plural:

• veriler = data / pieces of data

But yeni veri is completely natural.

A rough guide:

• ç sounds like ch in church
• ü is like the German ü or the French u in tu
• ı is a vowel that does not exist in English; it is a relaxed, unrounded vowel somewhat like the second vowel in roses, but not exactly

So approximately:

• çürüttü ≈ chü-rüt-tü
• varsayımı ≈ var-sa-yuh-muh
  but with Turkish ı, not a full English uh

Also remember that Turkish spelling is very regular, so once you know the sounds, pronunciation becomes much easier than in English.

Because çürütmek is often used in an intellectual or argumentative sense.

It commonly means:

• to refute
• to disprove
• to invalidate

So in a sentence about data and a hypothesis/assumption, çürüttü strongly suggests that the new data showed the old assumption was wrong.

That is why English translations like refuted or disproved fit better than something more literal or physical.