Belgeleri delgeçle delip dosyalığa koyuyorum.

Belgeleri = belge + -ler + -i

• belge = document
• -ler = plural
• -i = accusative case

So belgeleri means the documents as a specific direct object.

The accusative is used because these are definite, identifiable documents, not just documents in general. In Turkish, a specific object often takes the accusative:

• Belgeleri koyuyorum = I’m putting the documents
• Belge koyuyorum = I’m putting a document / documents in a more non-specific sense

So here the speaker means particular documents.

Delgeçle means with a hole punch.

It is:

• delgeç = hole punch
• -le = with / by means of

This suffix is the instrumental/comitative ending. It shows the tool used to do the action.

So:

• kalemle = with a pen
• bıçakla = with a knife
• delgeçle = with a hole punch

You can also think of it as a shortened form of delgeç ile, but in normal Turkish it is usually attached: delgeçle.

Delip comes from delmek = to pierce, punch, perforate.

Here:

• del- = verb stem
• -ip = a converb ending that links actions

This structure connects two verbs and usually means something like:

• doing X and then doing Y
• by doing X, doing Y
• sometimes simply X-ing and Y-ing

So:

• Belgeleri delip dosyalığa koyuyorum
  = I punch the documents and put them in the file/binder

Only the last verb, koyuyorum, carries the tense and person marking. The earlier verb delip is linked to it.

Because the converb suffix follows vowel harmony. Its forms are:

• -ıp
• -ip
• -up
• -üp

The verb delmek has the vowel e, which is a front unrounded vowel, so the correct form is -ip.

That gives:

• delip

Similar examples:

• alıp from almak
• silip from silmek
• bulup from bulmak
• görüp from görmek

It belongs to both actions.

The meaning is:

• punching the documents
• putting the documents into the file/binder

Turkish often mentions the shared object once, especially when the same thing is affected by both verbs. So belgeleri is understood with both delip and koyuyorum.

In English we might repeat it less obviously too:

• I’m punching the documents and putting them into the file

Turkish just handles this very naturally with the linked verb structure.

Dosyalığa means to/into the file holder, file organizer, binder, filing place depending on context.

It is:

• dosyalık = file holder / file organizer / place for files
• -a = dative case

The dative here marks the destination of movement. With koymak = to put/place, Turkish usually marks the place you are putting something to with the dative:

• masaya koymak = to put on the table
• çantaya koymak = to put into the bag
• dosyalığa koymak = to put into the file holder/binder

English may use to, into, or onto, but Turkish often uses the dative for the destination.

This is because of a common sound change in Turkish called consonant softening.

When some nouns ending in p, ç, t, k take a vowel-initial suffix, the final consonant often softens:

• p → b
• ç → c
• t → d
• k → ğ or sometimes g

So:

• dosyalık
  • -a → dosyalığa

Other examples:

• kitap → kitabı
• ağaç → ağacı
• kanat → kanadı
• renk → rengi

So dosyalığa is the expected form.

Koyuyorum comes from koymak = to put, place.

Breakdown:

• koy- = verb stem
• -uyor = present continuous
• -um = I

So koyuyorum means I am putting.

The vowel in the tense suffix changes by vowel harmony, which is why it is -uyor here.

Compare:

• geliyorum = I am coming
• bakıyorum = I am looking
• oturuyorum = I am sitting
• koyuyorum = I am putting

Because Turkish usually leaves subject pronouns out when the verb already shows the person clearly.

In koyuyorum, the ending -um tells you the subject is I.

So:

• koyuyorum = I am putting
• koyuyorsun = you are putting
• koyuyor = he/she/it is putting

Because of that, ben is unnecessary unless you want emphasis or contrast.

Not completely, but this sentence uses a very normal Turkish order.

Belgeleri delgeçle delip dosyalığa koyuyorum.

A rough structure is:

• object: belgeleri
• instrument: delgeçle
• linked verb: delip
• destination: dosyalığa
• main verb: koyuyorum

Turkish often puts the main conjugated verb at the end. That is the most important word-order point here.

You could move some parts for emphasis, for example:

• Delgeçle belgeleri delip dosyalığa koyuyorum.

But the original order sounds natural and neutral.

Dosya means file, folder, dossier.

Dosyalık is something like file holder, file organizer, place/container for files.

The suffix -lık / -lik / -luk / -lük often creates nouns meaning:

• a place
• a container
• something associated with the base word

So:

• tuz = salt → tuzluk = salt shaker
• göz = eye → gözlük = glasses
• kitap = book → kitaplık = bookcase
• dosya = file → dosyalık = file holder / file rack / filing item

So dosyalığa koyuyorum literally means something like I’m putting it into the file-holder/file-organizer.

Yes. Delmek is a general verb meaning to pierce, perforate, make a hole in.

In this sentence, because it is combined with delgeçle = with a hole punch, the meaning becomes specifically to hole-punch / punch holes in the documents.

So the tool tells you the exact kind of delmek intended here.

That is very common in Turkish: a general verb plus a tool or context gives a more specific meaning.