Ben kahvaltıda çay içmeden güne başlayamıyorum.

Usually, no. The verb başlayamıyorum already ends in -um, which tells you the subject is I.

So Kahvaltıda çay içmeden güne başlayamıyorum is perfectly natural. Adding Ben gives emphasis or contrast, like As for me, I can't start the day without drinking tea at breakfast.

Kahvaltı means breakfast. The ending -da is the locative suffix, which often means in / at / on.

So kahvaltıda means at breakfast or during breakfast. In this sentence, it tells you the time/context in which the tea drinking happens.

Because çay here is being used in a general, non-specific way: tea as a habit, not one specific tea.

• çay = tea, tea in general
• bir çay = a tea, one tea, one cup of tea
• çayı = the tea, or a specific tea already known from context

In this sentence, the speaker means drinking tea in general, so plain çay is the most natural choice.

İçmeden comes from içmek meaning to drink. The form -meden / -madan means without doing something.

So:

• içmek = to drink
• içmeden = without drinking

That makes çay içmeden mean without drinking tea. This form is often called an adverbial verb form or converb, because it connects one action to another.

Literally, it means without drinking.

But in English, depending on the context, you might naturally translate it as before drinking. In this sentence, both ideas are very close:

• without drinking tea
• before drinking tea

The Turkish form itself is still the without doing form.

No, it is not a double negative in the English sense.

The two negatives belong to different parts of the sentence:

• içmeden = without drinking
• başlayamıyorum = I can't start

Together they mean: Without drinking tea, I can't start the day.

So the negatives do not cancel each other. They express two separate ideas.

Because the verb başlamak normally takes the dative case when you say what you are starting.

So:

• gün = day
• güne = to the day

In Turkish, güne başlamak is the natural way to say to start the day. The same pattern appears in other examples:

• işe başlamak = to start work
• derse başlamak = to start the lesson

It can be broken down like this:

• başla- = start
• -y- = a buffer consonant
• -ama- = not be able to
• -ıyor = present continuous
• -um = I

So başlayamıyorum means I can't start or I am unable to start.

A very literal breakdown is something like I am not being able to start, but in natural English you would simply say I can't start.

In Turkish, the present continuous -yor is often used not only for actions happening right now, but also for personal habits, repeated behavior, and current general realities.

So başlayamıyorum can mean something like:

• I can't start the day
• I just can't start the day
• These days / generally speaking, I can't start the day

A form like başlayamam is also possible, but it sounds more like a general or absolute statement. Başlayamıyorum feels very natural for a personal everyday habit.

Yes, it is normal and natural.

Turkish usually puts the main verb at the end, and information like time, conditions, and subordinate actions often comes before it. In this sentence:

• Ben = subject
• kahvaltıda = time/context
• çay içmeden = without drinking tea
• güne = to the day
• başlayamıyorum = I can't start

So the structure is very typical for Turkish. You could also omit Ben and say Kahvaltıda çay içmeden güne başlayamıyorum, which is probably the most natural everyday version.