Learn Hardcore Turkish: Dışarı çıkarken yağmurluk giy, kapüşonunu da çek. - Wear a raincoat when going out, and pull up your hood.

çık- (to go out) + aorist -Ar → çıkar
- -ken → çıkarken = “while going out/as you go out.” Nuance: a general, simultaneous time frame. You may also hear çıkıyorken (with the progressive) to stress an ongoing action at a specific moment, but çıkarken is the default.

How is çıkarken different from çıkınca?

çıkarken = “as/while you are going out,” overlapping in time with the action that follows.
çıkınca = “when/once/after you go out,” i.e., subsequent time. So Dışarı çıkarken… is “as you head out,” whereas Dışarı çıkınca… is “once you’re out/after you’ve stepped outside.”

Why dışarı and not dışarıya?

Both are used, but dışarı often functions as an adverb meaning “out(doors)” and is the most idiomatic in dışarı çıkmak (“to go out”). Dışarıya (“to the outside”) can be used to emphasize direction or contrast, but it’s not required here. Location is dışarıda (“outside”), direction can be dışarı(ya) (“to outside”).

Why is it giy and not giyin?

giy is transitive: “put on/wear (a garment).” Example: Montunu giy.
giyin is reflexive/inchoative: “get dressed” (no object), or “put clothes on yourself.” As a command to one person, Giyin! usually means “Get dressed!” not “Put it on.” Use giy when you name the item: Yağmurluk giy.

What grammatical form are giy and çek? How would I address multiple people or be more formal?

They’re second-person singular imperatives. For plural/formal you use:

giyin / çekin (2nd person plural imperative)
Very formal/polite (often on signs): giyiniz / çekiniz

Why is there no accusative ending on yağmurluk?

Because it’s an indefinite direct object: “a raincoat (in general).” In Turkish, indefinite objects are bare:

Yağmurluk giy. = “Put on a raincoat.” For a specific/definite item, use the accusative:
Yağmurluğu giy. = “Put on the raincoat.” With possession you also usually mark definiteness:
Yağmurluğunu giy. = “Put on your raincoat.”

What exactly does kapüşonunu encode?

It’s “your hood” as a definite object:

kapüşon (hood) + -un (2nd person possessive “your”) → kapüşonun (“your hood”)
- -u (accusative) → kapüşonunu (“your hood” as the object) We mark accusative because it’s a definite, possessed object that we’re telling you to act on.

What does da do in kapüşonunu da çek? Why not just ve?

da/de is the clitic meaning “also/too/as well.” It adds the second command as an additional step: “pull up your hood too.” It attaches to the word it focuses:

Kapüşonunu da çek. = “Pull up your hood, too.” You could use ve (“and”): … yağmurluk giy ve kapüşonunu çek, but da highlights the additive “also” nuance.

Where can I place da, and does placement change the meaning?

Yes, it follows and emphasizes the element it attaches to:

Kapüşonunu da çek. = “Pull up your hood too (in addition to the raincoat).”
Sen de kapüşonunu çek. = “You, too, pull up your hood” (e.g., others are doing it). Note: This da/de is an enclitic (always written separately) and is different from the conjunction de that can mean “and/and then” (as in …çek de…) and from the locative suffix -da/-de.

Is da/de ever written as ta/te?

The enclitic da/de (meaning “also/too”) does not devoice; it stays da/de. Only the locative suffix -da/-de can appear as -ta/-te after voiceless consonants (e.g., yurtta, “in the dorm”). So kapüşonunu da is correct, not kapüşonunu ta.

Why use çek with a hood? Could I say tak, kaldır, or kapat?

All are possible with nuances:

çekmek: “pull (over/up)” — idiomatic for hoods: Kapüşonunu çek.
takmak: “put on” (typically accessories) — also common for hoods: Kapüşonunu tak.
kaldırmak: “raise/lift (up)” — emphasizes lifting: Kapüşonunu kaldır.
kapatmak: “close/shut” — used for closing/fastening (zippers, buttons), less about putting the hood on itself. In your sentence, çek highlights the physical pulling motion over the head.

How should I pronounce the tricky letters here?

ç = “ch” in “church”: çek, çıkarken
ş = “sh” in “ship”: kapüşon
ı (undotted) = a back, central vowel (no exact English equivalent), like the vowel in “roses” for some speakers: dışarı, çıkarken
ğ (yumuşak g) lengthens the preceding vowel; it’s not a hard g: yağmurluk ≈ “yaa-murluk”
ü = front rounded vowel, like German “ü” or French “u”: kapüşonunu Typical stress is near the last syllable: dı-şa-RI, çı-KAR-ken, yağ-mur-LUK, ka-pü-ŞO-nu-nu, ÇEK.

Can I rearrange the sentence?

Yes, the time clause is mobile. Most natural is to keep it initial:

Dışarı çıkarken yağmurluk giy, kapüşonunu da çek. You can also put it later, but clarity and rhythm can suffer:
Yağmurluk giy, kapüşonunu da çek, dışarı çıkarken. (understandable, less natural) If you want to change the meaning, you can say:
Yağmurluk giyerek dışarı çık. = “Go out wearing a raincoat.” (emphasizes manner)
Dışarı çıkınca yağmurluğu giy. = “Put on the raincoat once you’re out.” (different timing)

Could I just use ve and no comma?

Yes: Dışarı çıkarken yağmurluk giy ve kapüşonunu çek. That’s perfectly fine. The original uses a comma plus da to sound like two quick, stacked instructions, with “also” coloring the second one.

How direct/polite does this sound? How can I soften it?

It’s a direct, caring imperative (like telling a child or a close friend). To soften:

Add lütfen: Lütfen dışarı çıkarken yağmurluk giy, kapüşonunu da çek.
Use a polite request with the aorist + question particle: Dışarı çıkarken yağmurluk giyer misin? Kapüşonunu da çeker misin?

Is kapüşon the only correct spelling?

Standard spelling is kapüşon (from French). You’ll also see the colloquial kapşon; it’s common in speech and informal writing, but kapüşon is preferred in standard Turkish.

What does yağmurluk literally come from?

From yağmur (rain) + the derivational suffix -lUk (forming instruments/containers/related items). So yağmurluk is “rain-thing,” i.e., a raincoat or rain gear. In context it usually means a raincoat, but it can also refer to other rain covers (e.g., for a stroller).