Breakdown of Fazladan vakti olan arkadaşlar parka gitti.
olmak
to be
gitmek
to go
arkadaş
the friend
park
the park
vakit
the time
fazladan
extra
Elon.io is an online learning platform
We have an entire course teaching Turkish grammar and vocabulary.
Questions & Answers about Fazladan vakti olan arkadaşlar parka gitti.
What is the function of fazladan in this sentence?
Fazladan is an adverb meaning “extra” or “in addition.” Here it modifies vakti, indicating “extra time.” It’s not an adjective; you can’t say “fazladan vakti” as two separate words modifying a noun—fazladan must precede whatever it’s quantifying.
Why does vakit take the suffix -i (becoming vakti)?
The -i is the 3rd-person singular possessive suffix. In the relative clause fazladan vakti olan, it literally means “whose time is extra.” Each friend has extra time, so vakit → vakti (his/her/its time).
What role does olan play in fazladan vakti olan arkadaşlar?
Olan is the participle (the adjectival form) of olmak (“to be/have”). Paired with -an, it turns fazladan vakti into “having extra time.” So vakti olan arkadaşlar = “friends having extra time.”
Why isn’t there a word for “who” in vakti olan arkadaşlar?
Turkish forms relative clauses with participles instead of relative pronouns. English uses who, Turkish uses -an/-en plus olmak (here olan) to express “who have.”
Why is park followed by an apostrophe before -a (park’a)?
Park is a loanword. By convention, Turkish attaches suffixes to foreign stems with an apostrophe. The -a is the dative case marker meaning “to (the) park.”
Why is the verb gitti singular when the subject arkadaşlar is plural?
In Turkish the verb need not agree in number; the unmarked form is singular but applies to both singular and plural subjects. If you want explicit plural agreement, you can say gittiler, but gitti is perfectly normal.
How would you turn this into future tense?
Replace gitti (past) with gidecek (future). You can optionally add -ler for plural:
• Fazladan vakti olan arkadaşlar parka gidecek.
• Fazladan vakti olan arkadaşlar parka gidecekler.
Why are there no articles like “the” or “a” before arkadaşlar or park?
Turkish does not have indefinite articles. Definite vs. indefinite is usually understood from context or indicated by case endings (here dative -a implies “to the park”).
What is the basic word order in this sentence?
Turkish is Subject-Object-Verb (SOV). Here:
• Subject = Fazladan vakti olan arkadaşlar
• Object with case (dative) = parka
• Verb = gitti