Mutfakta yeterli su var.

There is enough water in the kitchen.

Breakdown of Mutfakta yeterli su var.

• olmak: to be
• su: the water
• mutfak: the kitchen
• -ta: in
• yeterli: enough

Questions & Answers about Mutfakta yeterli su var.

What does the suffix –ta in mutfakta indicate, and why is it –ta instead of –da?

The suffix –ta is the locative case marker in Turkish, meaning “in/at.” You form it by adding –da/–de to a noun with vowel harmony, but because mutfak ends in a voiceless consonant (k), the voiced –da becomes –ta (voicing assimilation). So mutfak + –ta = mutfakta (“in the kitchen”).

What function does the word var serve here?

Var is the existential verb meaning “there is/are.” In Turkish you express existence with var (or its negative yok) and typically place it at the end:
[location] + [noun phrase] + var → Mutfakta yeterli su var (“There is enough water in the kitchen”).

How do I ask “Is there enough water in the kitchen?” in Turkish?

Attach the question particle mı/mi/mu/mü to var with vowel harmony:
Mutfakta yeterli su var mı?
Literally “In the kitchen enough water is there?” which functions as “Is there enough water in the kitchen?”

How do I say “There isn’t enough water in the kitchen” in Turkish?

Use the negative existential verb yok instead of var:
Mutfakta yeterli su yok.
This means “There isn’t enough water in the kitchen.” All other words and cases remain the same.

What does the adjective yeterli mean, and why does it come before su?

Yeterli means “sufficient” or “enough.” In Turkish, adjectives almost always precede the noun they modify, so yeterli su = “enough water.”

Why is su singular here? Wouldn’t “waters” be used for “enough water”?

Su (water) is an uncountable noun in Turkish. Uncountable nouns don’t take the plural suffix even when you mean “some water” or “enough water.” You simply say su, not sular.

Can I change the word order, like Yeterli su mutfakta var?

Turkish word order is flexible, but the most neutral pattern for existential sentences is [locative] + [noun phrase] + var/yok.
Yeterli su mutfakta var is grammatically possible, but it shifts emphasis onto su and sounds less idiomatic.

What’s the difference between var and vardır in existential sentences?

Var is the straightforward present tense “there is/are.”
Vardır is more formal or assumptive, suggesting “presumably there is/are.”
In everyday speech you’ll almost always use var (and yok).