Beton yol kaygan.

to be

Breakdown of Beton yol kaygan.

• yol: the road
• kaygan: slippery
• beton: the concrete

Questions & Answers about Beton yol kaygan.

Why doesn’t Beton yol kaygan include the word is?

In Turkish, the copula (the verb to be) is dropped in the simple present tense when linking a noun phrase to an adjective or another noun. So Beton yol kaygan literally means The concrete road is slippery, even though there’s no separate word for is.

Why doesn’t kaygan have a suffix like –dir or –dır?

Predicate adjectives remain in their base form in affirmative present‐tense statements. You only add –dir (harmonizing as –dır, –dur, –dür) for formality or emphasis. For example:
• Beton yol kaygandır (a more formal or emphatic way to say “The concrete road is slippery”).

How would I say The concrete road is not slippery?

Use değil (not) immediately after the adjective:
Beton yol kaygan değil
Literally: “Concrete road slippery not.”

How can I ask Is the concrete road slippery? in Turkish?

Attach the question particle mi (adjusted by vowel harmony) after kaygan and add a question mark:
Beton yol kaygan mı?

How do I make the sentence plural, to say The concrete roads are slippery?