Learn Hardcore Turkish: Bu ders, uygulamalı örneklerle destekleniyor. - This lesson is supported by practical examples.

Destekleniyor is the passive form of the active verb desteklemek (to support). In Turkish, the passive is created by adding a passive suffix (in this case, -len-) directly to the verb stem, then appending the tense marker -iyor for the present continuous. This results in a single word that means “is being supported” without the need for an auxiliary verb.

What does the instrumental case in örneklerle indicate, and how is it constructed?

In örneklerle, the noun örnek (example) first becomes plural by adding -ler (yielding örnekler for “examples”). Then, the instrumental suffix -le (or -ile) is attached, forming örneklerle. This suffix shows that something is done “with” or “by means of” those examples—in this sentence, meaning “with examples.”

What role does the adjective uygulamalı play in the sentence?

Uygulamalı is an adjective that means “practical” or “applied.” It modifies örneklerle, specifying that the examples provided are practical rather than purely theoretical. This detail emphasizes that the lesson is supported by hands-on, real-world examples.

Why is the present continuous form used in destekleniyor, and what does it imply about the action?

The -iyor ending in destekleniyor signals the present continuous tense. This indicates that the action of being supported is ongoing or habitual. In other words, the lesson is currently being supported with practical examples, highlighting a continuous or active process rather than a one-time event.

How is the sentence structured in terms of subject, modifier, and main verb?

The sentence follows this structure: • Subject: Bu ders (“this lesson”). • Modifier (Adverbial/Instrumental Phrase): uygulamalı örneklerle (“with practical examples”), which specifies the means or method. • Main Verb: destekleniyor (passive, present continuous form meaning “is being supported”). This order is typical in Turkish, where modifiers often precede the main verb, and the verb comes at the end of the sentence.

Why is there a comma after Bu ders, and is this punctuation choice common in Turkish?

The comma after Bu ders separates the subject from the following adverbial phrase (uygulamalı örneklerle destekleniyor), making the sentence clearer by marking a slight pause. While Turkish punctuation can be more flexible than English, using a comma in this context is a stylistic choice that helps readers quickly identify the distinct parts of the sentence.