Arkadaşım gelince, ben de sinemaya gideceğim.

When my friend arrives, I will also go to the cinema.

Breakdown of Arkadaşım gelince, ben de sinemaya gideceğim.

• ben: I
• gitmek: to go
• benim: my
• arkadaş: the friend
• sinema: the cinema
• de: also
• gelince: when

Questions & Answers about Arkadaşım gelince, ben de sinemaya gideceğim.

What does arkadaşım mean, and why is the suffix -ım attached?

Arkadaşım means "my friend". In Turkish, personal possession is shown by adding a suffix to the noun. The -ım at the end of arkadaş indicates that the friend belongs to the speaker (i.e., "my friend").

How is the time clause formed with gelince, and what does the -ince suffix do here?

The suffix -ince is added to the verb stem to create a temporal clause that means "when" or "as soon as". In gelince, the verb gel- (to come) receives -ince, functioning similarly to an adverbial clause in English that indicates the time when the main action will take place.

How is the future tense constructed in gideceğim?

In gideceğim, the base verb gitmek (to go) is transformed into the future tense by adding the marker -ecek (with vowel harmony as -acak or -ecek based on the vowel in the root) and then the first-person singular personal ending -im. Together, git + -ecek + -im becomes gideceğim, which translates to "I will go".

What is the role of the particle de in ben de sinemaya gideceğim?

The particle de means "also" or "too". Its placement after ben emphasizes that the speaker is adding their action in addition to another implied or mentioned action. It shows that just as someone (in this case, arkadaşım) has a related action or role, the speaker too will perform the action of going to the cinema.

Why is sinemaya used instead of sinema alone?

In Turkish, movement towards a destination requires the dative case. Sinemaya is the dative form of sinema, indicating direction or destination, and it means "to the cinema". Without the appropriate case ending, the spatial relation would be missing.

Why is there a comma after gelince in the sentence?

The comma separates the subordinate time clause "Arkadaşım gelince" from the main clause "ben de sinemaya gideceğim". In Turkish, it’s common to set off introductory or subordinate clauses with a comma to clearly differentiate them from the main statement.