Soppan är för varm nu.

Because soppan is the definite form of soppa.

• soppa = soup
• soppan = the soup

In Swedish, the idea of the is often added to the end of the noun instead of being a separate word.

Swedish usually puts the definite article onto the noun as an ending.

So instead of saying something like the soup with a separate word, Swedish says:

• soppa = soup
• soppan = the soup

That is why Soppan är för varm nu already includes the meaning the soup.

Är means is. It is the present tense of vara, which means to be.

So:

• är = is
• Soppan är ... = The soup is ...

It links the subject soppan with the description för varm.

In this sentence, för means too, not for.

So:

• för varm = too hot / too warm

This is a very common use in Swedish:

• för kall = too cold
• för dyr = too expensive
• för stor = too big

Swedish för can also mean for in other sentences, so you have to understand it from context.

Because soppan is an en-word (common gender singular), and predicate adjectives agree with the noun.

Here:

• soppa is an en noun
• definite singular: soppan
• so the adjective is varm

Compare:

• Soppan är varm. = The soup is hot.
• Teet är varmt. = The tea is hot.

Teet comes from ett te, so the adjective becomes varmt.

Yes. In Swedish, varm can cover both warm and hot depending on context.

For food and drinks, English often says hot, while Swedish still commonly uses varm:

• Kaffet är varmt. = The coffee is hot.
• Soppan är varm. = The soup is hot.

So even though varm may look like warm, in this kind of sentence hot is usually the natural English translation.

Nu means now.

It shows that this is true at the present moment:

• Soppan är för varm nu. = The soup is too hot now.

It can suggest a change of situation, for example that the soup was fine earlier, but at this moment it is too hot.

Putting nu at the end is a very natural word order in Swedish.

The sentence structure is:

• Soppan = subject
• är = verb
• för varm = description
• nu = time adverb

Swedish allows some flexibility with adverbs, but this version sounds completely normal. You could also hear:

• Nu är soppan för varm. = Now the soup is too hot.
• Soppan är nu för varm. = The soup is now too hot.

These are also correct, but they place the emphasis a little differently.

Yes, absolutely.

Both are correct:

• Soppan är för varm nu.
• Nu är soppan för varm.

The difference is mostly emphasis:

• Soppan är för varm nu focuses first on the soup
• Nu är soppan för varm emphasizes now

Because Swedish is a V2 language, when nu comes first, the verb must stay in second position:

• Nu är soppan ... not
• Nu soppan är ...

Är means is, while blir means becomes / is getting.

So:

• Soppan är för varm nu. = The soup is too hot now.
• Soppan blir för varm. = The soup is becoming too hot / getting too hot.

Use är when you describe the current state. Use blir when you focus on a change.

A simple approximate pronunciation is:

SOP-pan air feur varm noo

A few useful notes:

• soppan has stress on the first syllable: SOP-pan
• är sounds roughly like air
• för has a vowel sound that English does not have exactly, but feur is a rough guide
• varm sounds close to varm
• nu sounds like noo

If you want to sound more natural, try to say the whole sentence smoothly rather than word by word.