På vägen till jobbet lyssnar jag på musik.

Because Swedish has V2 word order in main clauses. That means the finite verb must come in the second position.

Here, På vägen till jobbet is placed first, so the verb lyssnar has to come next:

På vägen till jobbet + lyssnar + jag + på musik

If you start with the subject instead, you get:

Jag lyssnar på musik på vägen till jobbet.

Both are correct.

It means on the way to work.

• på = on
• vägen = the way / the road
• till = to
• jobbet = the job / work

So literally it is something like on the way to the job, but the natural English meaning is on the way to work.

Both exist, but they are used a little differently.

• på väg = on the way, on one’s way, in the process of going
• på vägen = on the way, often referring more to the route/journey itself

So:

• Jag är på väg till jobbet. = I’m on my way to work.
• På vägen till jobbet lyssnar jag på musik. = On the way to work, I listen to music.

In your sentence, på vägen till jobbet is a very natural expression.

Because Swedish often uses the definite form in expressions like på vägen till ....

väg = way / road
vägen = the way / the road

In this phrase, Swedish idiomatically says the way rather than just way. English does something similar in on the way.

Because Swedish normally says till jobbet for to work when talking about your usual workplace.

• jobb = job / work
• jobbet = the job / the workplace

This is one of those places where Swedish and English do not match word-for-word. English says to work with no article, but Swedish commonly uses the definite form:

• Jag går till jobbet. = I go to work.
• Hon kom sent till jobbet. = She arrived late to work.

Because the two på words do different jobs.

1. På vägen till jobbet
   Here på is a preposition meaning part of the expression on the way.

2. lyssnar jag på musik
   Here på belongs to the verb lyssna på, which means listen to.

So in Swedish, you usually lyssna på something:

• lyssna på musik = listen to music
• lyssna på radio = listen to the radio
• lyssna på henne = listen to her

You generally cannot drop that second på.

Because musik is being used as a mass noun in a general sense, just like English music.

So:

• på musik = to music / music in general

If you wanted to be more specific, you could say:

• på en låt = to a song
• på den här musiken = to this music
• på musiken = to the music

But lyssnar på musik simply means listen to music in general.

It can mean either, depending on context.

Swedish present tense often covers both:

• I listen
• I am listening

In this sentence, the most natural reading is probably habitual:

On the way to work, I listen to music.

But in the right context, it could also describe what is happening right now.

Yes. That is also correct.

Compare:

• På vägen till jobbet lyssnar jag på musik.
• Jag lyssnar på musik på vägen till jobbet.

The meaning is basically the same, but the emphasis changes a little:

• Starting with På vägen till jobbet highlights the situation or time frame first.
• Starting with Jag is more neutral and subject-focused.

Because till marks a destination: to.

• till jobbet = to work
• till skolan = to school
• till stan = to town

Do not confuse this with på jobbet, which means at work.

• Jag är på jobbet. = I am at work.
• Jag är på väg till jobbet. = I am on my way to work.