Jag står vid rulltrappan och ser henne gå genom tunneln.

In Swedish, verbs like stå (stand), sitta (sit), and ligga (lie) are often used where English might simply use be.

So Jag står vid rulltrappan is literally I stand by the escalator, but in natural English it often means I’m standing by the escalator.

Swedish likes to be specific about physical position:

• jag står = I am standing
• jag sitter = I am sitting
• jag ligger = I am lying down

So this is very normal Swedish.

Vid usually means by, beside, or near.

So vid rulltrappan means by the escalator / next to the escalator.

Compare:

• vid rulltrappan = by the escalator
• i rulltrappan = in the escalator / on the escalator structure, which usually would not be the intended meaning
• på rulltrappan = on the escalator

So vid is the natural choice if the person is standing next to it.

Rulltrappan is the definite form: the escalator.

Swedish often attaches the definite article to the end of the noun:

• en rulltrappa = an escalator
• rulltrappan = the escalator

So vid rulltrappan means by the escalator, not by an escalator.

Because henne is the object form of hon.

• hon = she
• henne = her

In this sentence, she is the person being seen, so Swedish uses the object form:

• Jag ser henne = I see her

Just like English says I see her, not I see she.

After verbs of perception such as se (see), höra (hear), and sometimes känna (feel), Swedish often uses an object + bare infinitive.

So:

• Jag ser henne gå = I see her walk / I see her walking

There is no att here.
Compare:

• Jag vill gå = I want to go
• Jag ser henne gå = I see her walk / walking

This is similar to English I saw her leave, where English also often omits to.

It can correspond to either in English, depending on context.

Swedish present tense is less specific than English about whether something is a general fact or something happening right now. So:

• Jag ser henne gå genom tunneln can mean I see her walk through the tunnel
• more naturally in many contexts: I see her walking through the tunnel

The Swedish sentence itself is completely normal for an action happening right now.

Because gå is the infinitive, used after ser henne in this construction.

Compare:

• Hon går genom tunneln. = She walks / is walking through the tunnel.
• Jag ser henne gå genom tunneln. = I see her walk / walking through the tunnel.

After ser henne, Swedish uses the infinitive gå, not the present tense går.

Genom means through, and tunneln means the tunnel.

So:

• genom tunneln = through the tunnel

Again, tunneln is the definite form:

• en tunnel = a tunnel
• tunneln = the tunnel

Because Swedish usually expresses definiteness by adding an ending to the noun rather than using a separate word like English the.

Examples:

• rulltrappa = escalator
• rulltrappan = the escalator
• tunnel = tunnel
• tunneln = the tunnel

So the meaning of the is built into the noun itself.

Yes. The order is very natural Swedish:

• Jag = subject
• står = first verb
• vid rulltrappan = place
• och = and
• ser = second verb
• henne = object
• gå genom tunneln = what you see her do

A key point is that henne comes before gå:

• ser henne gå

That pattern is standard with perception verbs:

• Jag hör honom sjunga. = I hear him sing / singing.
• Vi såg dem springa. = We saw them run / running.

Yes, very often.

Swedish does not use -ing in the same way English does, so a simple Swedish present tense sentence may need an English progressive translation.

Possible English translations include:

• I am standing by the escalator and see her walk through the tunnel.
• I’m standing by the escalator and see her walking through the tunnel.
• More natural English in many situations: I’m standing by the escalator and I see her walking through the tunnel.

So when translating, English often sounds more natural with am standing and walking, even though Swedish does not mark those forms separately here.