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Questions & Answers about Baada ya mafuriko, mafunzo ya usalama huandaliwa ili kuongeza kiwango cha tahadhari.
What does Baada ya mafuriko mean?
Baada means “after,” and ya is the genitive/linker “of.” Mafuriko is “floods” or “flooding.” So Baada ya mafuriko literally translates as “after the floods” or “after flooding.”
Why is mafuriko in that form? Is it plural?
Mafuriko is a class 6 noun (prefix ma-) that often functions as a mass or collective noun meaning “flooding” or “floods.” Although it looks like a plural, you don’t usually say furiko by itself in everyday Swahili.
What does mafunzo ya usalama literally mean, and why ya?
Mafunzo (class 6) means “training” (or “courses”), and usalama means “safety.” The linker ya attaches the two: mafunzo ya usalama = “training of safety” = “safety training.” Class 6 nouns take ya for possession/genitive.
Why do we use huandaliwa? What roles do hu- and -wa play?
The root verb is andaa (“to prepare”).
• hu- marks present habitual (they regularly/are in the process of preparing).
• -wa makes the verb passive.
So huandaliwa = “is/are being prepared” or “is/are organized.”
Can we express the same idea in active voice instead of passive huandaliwa?
Yes. An active present habitual form would be huanda. For example:
“Wafanyakazi huanda mafunzo ya usalama…”
(“Workers prepare safety training…”).
But if you want to focus on the training itself (“training is prepared”) without naming who does it, the passive huandaliwa is more natural.
What does ili kuongeza mean? How is it different from kwa kuongeza?
Ili + infinitive introduces purpose: “in order to.” So ili kuongeza = “in order to increase.”
Kwa + infinitive can also express purpose (“by doing/for doing”), but ili is clearer when you want “so that” or “in order to.”
What does kiwango cha tahadhari mean, and why cha instead of ya?
Kiwango (class 7, prefix ki-) means “level.” Tahadhari means “caution” or “alertness.” Class 7 nouns use the linker cha for genitive. So kiwango cha tahadhari = “level of caution/alertness.”
Is tahadhari singular or plural? What’s the best English equivalent here?
Tahadhari is a class 9/10 noun, typically treated as a mass or singular concept (“caution,” “alertness,” “awareness”). In this sentence, “alertness” or “caution level” works well in English.
Can we rearrange the sentence components (time, main clause, purpose) without changing meaning?
Yes. Swahili allows flexibility. For example:
“Ili kuongeza kiwango cha tahadhari, mafunzo ya usalama huandaliwa baada ya mafuriko.”
or
“Mafunzo ya usalama huandaliwa baada ya mafuriko ili kuongeza kiwango cha tahadhari.”
All convey the same idea.
What’s the difference between mafunzo and mazoezi?
Mafunzo refers to instruction or training sessions (the teaching/theoretical side). Mazoezi are exercises or drills (practical practice). In many contexts they go together—first mafunzo, then mazoezi.
