La bufanda me roza el cuello cuando hace viento.

Because me tells you whose neck is being affected: my neck.

A very common Spanish pattern with body parts is:

• indirect object pronoun
  • definite article
• instead of possessive adjective

So Spanish often says:

• Me duele la cabeza = My head hurts
• Me lavo las manos = I wash my hands
• La bufanda me roza el cuello = The scarf brushes against my neck

Here:

• La bufanda = subject
• roza = verb
• me = to me / on me, showing whose neck it is
• el cuello = direct object

It sounds more natural in Spanish than La bufanda roza mi cuello, although that version is grammatically possible.

For the same reason: with body parts, Spanish very often prefers:

• me / te / le / nos / os / les
  • el/la/los/las

rather than a possessive.

So instead of mi cuello, Spanish commonly uses:

• me ... el cuello

This is especially common when the body part belongs obviously to the person mentioned by the pronoun.

Compare:

• Me duele el brazo rather than Duele mi brazo
• Me corté el dedo rather than Corté mi dedo
• La bufanda me roza el cuello rather than La bufanda roza mi cuello

Using mi cuello is not impossible, but it is less idiomatic here.

Rozar means something like:

• to brush against
• to graze
• to rub lightly
• sometimes to chafe

In this sentence, it suggests light physical contact, probably repeated or annoying, especially because of the wind.

So the scarf is not just touching the neck once; it is likely brushing or rubbing against it as it moves.

A few examples:

• La rama me rozó la cara. = The branch brushed my face.
• Los zapatos me rozan. = My shoes are rubbing/chafing me.
• La manga le roza la piel. = The sleeve brushes against his/her skin.

Because the sentence is in the present indicative.

The infinitive is rozar. Its present-tense forms include:

• yo rozo
• tú rozas
• él/ella/usted roza

Since la bufanda is third person singular, you get:

• La bufanda roza...

Not:

• roce — that would be from a different form, such as the present subjunctive
• rozando — that is the gerund, brushing/rubbing

So roza is simply the correct present-tense form for la bufanda.

Because in Spanish, weather expressions often use hacer.

Hace viento means:

• It’s windy
• literally something like it makes wind, but you should learn it as a fixed weather expression

Common weather phrases with hacer:

• Hace frío = It’s cold
• Hace calor = It’s hot
• Hace sol = It’s sunny
• Hace viento = It’s windy

Spanish does not say es viento for it’s windy.

Yes, you often can.

Both are possible, but there is a slight difference in feel:

• cuando hace viento = when it’s windy
• cuando hay viento = when there is wind

In many everyday situations, they are very close.

For this sentence, cuando hace viento sounds very natural and idiomatic for talking about the weather in general.

Because Spanish often uses the present tense for general or habitual situations.

This sentence describes what happens whenever it is windy:

• La bufanda me roza el cuello cuando hace viento.

That means something like:

• The scarf brushes against my neck when it’s windy
• Whenever it’s windy, the scarf brushes against my neck

It is not necessarily happening right now; it can describe a regular or typical situation.

Yes, that is the most useful way to understand it.

In:

• La bufanda me roza el cuello

the thing directly being brushed is:

• el cuello → direct object

and me indicates the person affected:

• me → indirect object

This is the same structure you see in many sentences involving body parts or personal effects.

Yes, it is grammatically possible, and people would understand it.

But La bufanda me roza el cuello is usually more natural and more idiomatic in Spanish, because of the common body-part pattern:

• me
  • el cuello

Using mi cuello can sound a bit more explicit or less natural in ordinary speech unless you want special emphasis.

Because el cuello is the direct object of rozar here.

Spanish says:

• rozar algo = to brush against something

So:

• La bufanda me roza el cuello

not normally:

• La bufanda me roza en el cuello

The version with no preposition is the standard structure in this sentence.

Because Spanish normally uses an article with singular countable nouns when speaking about a specific item or about the noun as the subject of the sentence.

So:

• La bufanda me roza el cuello...

sounds natural.

Leaving out the article would generally be ungrammatical here.

Depending on context, you could also have:

• Mi bufanda me roza el cuello... = My scarf brushes against my neck...
• Una bufanda me roza el cuello... = A scarf brushes against my neck...

But la bufanda is perfectly normal if the scarf is understood in context.

In standard peninsular Spanish pronunciation:

• La bufanda me roza el cuello cuando hace viento

A few key points:

• z in roza is pronounced like the th in thin in most of Spain: ro-tha
• ll in cuello is usually pronounced like y in modern Spanish
• h in hace is silent

So a rough guide might be:

• la boo-FAN-da me RO-tha el KWE-yo KWAN-do A-the BYEN-to

This is only an approximation, but it helps with the main Spain-specific sound: z = th.

Usually it sounds like a repeated or habitual action.

Because both verbs are in the present tense and the sentence includes cuando hace viento, it suggests:

• Whenever it’s windy, the scarf brushes against my neck

So it describes a typical situation, not just one isolated moment.

If you wanted one specific past event, you would normally change the tense, for example:

• La bufanda me rozó el cuello cuando hizo viento.
  or more naturally depending on context:
• La bufanda me rozó el cuello con el viento.

Yes, very possibly.

By itself, rozar just means to brush/rub lightly, but in contexts like clothing touching skin, it can suggest:

• slight annoyance
• discomfort
• chafing

So this sentence may simply describe movement, or it may imply that the scarf is rubbing against the neck in an unpleasant way, especially because the wind makes it move.