Tiendo la colada en el balcón cuando hace sol.

Because tiendo is the 1st person singular present tense of tender.

• tender = to hang out / spread out
• yo tiendo = I hang out
• tú tiendes
• él/ella tiende

This verb has a stem change in the present tense:

• e → ie in most forms

So:

• tender → tiendo
• not tendo

In Spain, la colada commonly means the washing / the laundry, especially laundry that has been washed and is being hung out to dry.

So in this sentence, tiendo la colada means something like:

• I hang out the washing
• I hang the laundry out

In Spain, la colada is very natural in this context.

Both can be possible, but they are not exactly the same in feel.

• tender la colada = to hang the laundry out to dry
• colgar la ropa = to hang clothes

In Spain, tender la colada is a very common expression for putting washed clothes out to dry. It focuses on the action of spreading/hanging the laundry up.

So tiendo la colada sounds very natural and idiomatic.

Because Spanish often omits subject pronouns when they are not needed.

• Tiendo already tells you the subject is I
• so yo is unnecessary unless you want emphasis or contrast

For example:

• Tiendo la colada... = I hang out the laundry...
• Yo tiendo la colada, pero él no. = I hang out the laundry, but he doesn’t.

So leaving out yo is normal.

En usually means in, on, or at, depending on context. Here en el balcón means:

• on the balcony
• or more naturally in English, out on the balcony

Spanish uses en very broadly for location.

Also:

• el balcón = the balcony
• en + el = en el
  (Unlike a + el = al, en + el does not contract further.)

Because Spanish commonly uses the expression hacer + weather noun for weather conditions.

• hace sol = it’s sunny / the sun is out
• literally: it makes sun

This is the normal Spanish way to express sunny weather.

Es soleado is grammatically possible in some contexts, but it usually describes a place or climate more generally:

• Es una ciudad soleada. = It’s a sunny city.

For the weather at a particular time, hace sol is the natural choice.

It is the 3rd person singular present tense of hacer.

• hacer = to do / to make
• hace sol is a fixed weather expression

In weather phrases, Spanish often uses hacer impersonally:

• hace calor = it’s hot
• hace frío = it’s cold
• hace viento = it’s windy
• hace sol = it’s sunny

So hace here does not mean someone is actively “doing” something. It is just part of the weather expression.

Most naturally, it describes a habit or something that usually happens:

• Tiendo la colada en el balcón cuando hace sol.
• I hang the laundry out on the balcony when it’s sunny.

Spanish present tense can express:

1. habitual actions
2. general truths
3. actions happening now (depending on context)

In this sentence, with cuando hace sol, the most likely meaning is habitual: this is what the speaker generally does when the weather is sunny.

Here cuando means when.

It introduces the condition/time in which the action happens:

• Tiendo la colada en el balcón cuando hace sol.
• I hang the laundry out on the balcony when it’s sunny.

In sentences like this, cuando + present tense often refers to a repeated or habitual situation:

• Cuando llueve, me quedo en casa. = When it rains, I stay at home.

Spanish uses the definite article more often than English.

So la colada is completely normal even where English might simply say:

• I hang out the laundry
• or I hang out laundry

Spanish prefers:

• tiendo la colada
• not usually just tiendo colada

This is one of those places where Spanish sounds more natural with the article.

Yes, but the meaning shifts slightly.

• la colada = the laundry / the washing
• la ropa = the clothes

So:

• Tiendo la colada = I hang out the laundry
• Tiendo la ropa = I hang out the clothes

Both are understandable, but la colada is especially good when you mean washed clothes being hung up to dry.

Yes, it sounds very natural in Spain, especially because of la colada.

In many Spanish-speaking places, people may also say things like:

• lavar la ropa = to wash clothes
• tender la ropa = to hang out clothes

But tender la colada is very typical and natural in Spain.

Then you would change cuando to porque:

• Tiendo la colada en el balcón porque hace sol.

Difference:

• cuando hace sol = when it’s sunny / whenever it’s sunny
• porque hace sol = because it’s sunny

So:

• cuando introduces a time/situation
• porque gives a reason