El planisferio indica el hemisferio celeste.

Planisferio usually means a planisphere: a representation of a sphere on a flat surface. In everyday contexts, it can refer to a world map, but it can also be used more specifically in astronomy, for example a star planisphere.

It overlaps somewhat with mapamundi, which also means world map, but planisferio can sound a bit more technical or scientific depending on the context.

In this sentence, the exact meaning depends on the broader topic:

• if the topic is geography, it may mean a flat map
• if the topic is astronomy, it may refer to a celestial planisphere

Because both nouns are masculine singular:

• el planisferio
• el hemisferio

In Spanish, articles usually match the noun in gender and number.

Here:

• el = the for masculine singular nouns
• planisferio = masculine singular
• hemisferio = masculine singular

So both need el.

Because indica is the conjugated form of the verb indicar.

The subject is El planisferio, which is third person singular, so the verb must also be in third person singular:

• indicar = to indicate
• indica = it indicates / it shows

So:

• El planisferio indica... = The planisphere indicates/shows...

It is the present simple (also called the present indicative).

Conjugation of indicar in the present:

• yo indico
• tú indicas
• él/ella/usted indica
• nosotros/nosotras indicamos
• vosotros/vosotras indicáis
• ellos/ellas/ustedes indican

So indica means:

• it indicates
• it shows
• sometimes it points out, depending on context

Not always exactly. Indicar often translates as:

• to indicate
• to show
• to point out
• to mark

In this sentence, indicates is a good direct translation, but in natural English, shows may sound more normal:

• The planisphere shows the celestial hemisphere.

So yes, indicar is often close to indicate, but context matters.

Hemisferio celeste means celestial hemisphere.

Spanish usually places descriptive adjectives after the noun, so:

• hemisferio = hemisphere
• celeste = celestial / sky-related

That is why the order is:

• hemisferio celeste rather than
• celeste hemisferio

This noun + adjective order is very common in Spanish.

No, not in this sentence.

Celeste can mean:

• sky-blue / light blue
• celestial / of the sky

Here it clearly means celestial, because it is describing hemisferio in an astronomical sense:

• hemisferio celeste = celestial hemisphere

So although celeste can mean a colour, that is not the meaning here.

Because the sentence is presenting a specific direct object: el hemisferio celeste.

The structure is:

• El planisferio = subject
• indica = verb
• el hemisferio celeste = direct object

So the sentence means that the planisphere indicates the celestial hemisphere.

If you said un hemisferio celeste, it would mean a celestial hemisphere, which is less specific.

If you said del hemisferio celeste, that would mean of the celestial hemisphere, which would require a different sentence structure.

Because it is the thing being indicated by the subject.

In:

• El planisferio indica el hemisferio celeste

we can break it down as:

• El planisferio = the thing doing the action
• indica = the action
• el hemisferio celeste = the thing receiving the action

A useful test is to ask:

• What does the planisphere indicate?
• The celestial hemisphere.

That answer is the direct object.

Yes, it is completely normal.

The sentence follows the standard Spanish order:

• Subject + Verb + Object

So:

• El planisferio = subject
• indica = verb
• el hemisferio celeste = object

Spanish can sometimes change word order for emphasis, but this version is the most neutral and straightforward.

In standard Spanish (Spain), it is pronounced approximately:

pla-nee-SFE-rio

More carefully:

• pla
• ni
• sfe
• rio

The stress falls on -fe-:

• planisferio

A rough English-friendly approximation is:

• plah-nee-SFEH-ryoh

A rough pronunciation in Spanish (Spain) is:

e-mi-SFE-rio theh-LES-te

Notes:

• h is silent: hemisferio starts as if it were emisferio
• the stress in hemisferio falls on -sfe-
• in much of Spain, ce sounds like th in think
• in Latin America, ce would sound more like s

So:

• Spain pronunciation: e-mi-SFE-rio theh-LES-te
• Latin American pronunciation: e-mi-SFE-rio seh-LES-te

Yes. Even if indicates is a correct close translation, shows may sound more natural in many contexts.

Possible translations:

• The planisphere indicates the celestial hemisphere.
• The planisphere shows the celestial hemisphere.

If this is from a textbook or scientific explanation, indicates may be chosen because it is more literal. In everyday English, shows often sounds smoother.

Yes. They both contain the element -sferio, related to the idea of a sphere.

• planisferio: roughly, a flat representation of a sphere
• hemisferio: half of a sphere

This can help vocabulary building, because many scientific Spanish words resemble English words:

• planisferio → planisphere
• hemisferio → hemisphere

So they are not only related in meaning, but also in word formation.