Revisamos el aprovechamiento, el encurtido y la fermentación.

Revisamos is the 1st person plural form of revisar — so it means we review, we check, or we go over, depending on context.

The ending -amos tells you the subject is we.

So the sentence structure is basically:

Revisamos + direct object list
= We review/check/go over + the items in the list

Yes. In Spanish, revisamos can be either:

• present tense: we review / we are reviewing
• preterite: we reviewed

That happens because some -ar verb forms are identical in the present and the preterite for nosotros.

So the exact time depends on context. For example:

• Hoy revisamos el tema. → Today we review/are reviewing the topic.
• Ayer revisamos el tema. → Yesterday we reviewed the topic.

Spanish often omits subject pronouns because the verb ending already shows who is doing the action.

Here, revisamos already tells you the subject is we, so nosotros is not necessary.

You could say:

• Nosotros revisamos el aprovechamiento, el encurtido y la fermentación.

But it usually sounds more natural to leave nosotros out unless you want emphasis or contrast, such as:

• Nosotros revisamos la fermentación, pero ellos revisan otra cosa.

Spanish often repeats the article before each noun in a list, especially when the items are being treated as separate concepts.

So:

• el aprovechamiento
• el encurtido
• la fermentación

This is completely natural Spanish.

You might sometimes see fewer repeated articles in other contexts, but here the repetition sounds clear and standard.

Because Spanish nouns have grammatical gender.

In this sentence:

• el aprovechamiento → masculine
• el encurtido → masculine
• la fermentación → feminine

The article has to match the gender of the noun.

A useful pattern here is that nouns ending in -ción are usually feminine, so fermentación takes la.

Aprovechamiento is a noun formed from the verb aprovechar.

This kind of noun often expresses:

• the use of something
• the making good use of something
• the benefit gained from something

It is similar to how English can turn verbs into nouns, though Spanish does this very often with endings like -miento.

So learners may notice the pattern:

• aprovechar → aprovechamiento

Here, encurtido is being used as a noun.

The word can also appear as an adjective in other contexts, but in this sentence it functions as one of the things being reviewed, alongside aprovechamiento and fermentación.

So grammatically, it is a noun item in the list.

Because in standard Spanish, you normally do not use a comma before y in a simple list.

So this is the normal pattern:

• A, B y C

That is why the sentence is written:

• el aprovechamiento, el encurtido y la fermentación

This is different from English, where some writers use the Oxford comma.

Yes. The whole list is the direct object of revisamos.

In other words, these are the things that we review/check.

You can think of the structure like this:

• Revisamos → verb
• el aprovechamiento, el encurtido y la fermentación → direct object

Yes, Spanish allows more flexibility in word order than English, but the original order is the most neutral and natural.

The standard version is:

• Revisamos el aprovechamiento, el encurtido y la fermentación.

You could move elements around for emphasis in a larger context, but on its own, the given order is the clearest and most normal.

The stress falls on the last syllable: fer-men-ta-CIÓN.

The written accent mark shows that stress clearly. It is needed because the word ends in -n, and without an accent, Spanish stress rules would normally place the stress elsewhere.

This is also a very common pattern with nouns ending in -ción:

• información
• producción
• fermentación

They are typically:

• feminine
• stressed on the final -ción syllable