El derecho a la desconexión digital protege la autonomía.

In Spanish, derecho a + noun/infinitive is the normal pattern for the right to ....

• el derecho a la desconexión digital = the right to digital disconnection
• el derecho a votar = the right to vote

Using de here would usually sound wrong or change the meaning. Para is also not the usual preposition after derecho in this sense.

So for this structure, remember:

• derecho a + thing/action

No. Here derecho means right in the sense of a legal or moral entitlement.

Spanish derecho can mean different things depending on context:

• derecho = right, entitlement
• el Derecho = law, the legal system, or the academic subject Law
• derecha = right side / the political right

In El derecho a la desconexión digital, it clearly means the right to ...

Spanish often uses the definite article with abstract nouns or general concepts where English may or may not use the.

So:

• el derecho a la desconexión digital
• literally: the right to the digital disconnection
• natural meaning: the right to digital disconnection

In English, we often drop the article in expressions like freedom of speech or access to education, but Spanish frequently keeps it:

• el acceso a la educación
• el derecho a la privacidad
• el derecho a la desconexión digital

Yes. Desconexión is a feminine noun, so it takes:

• la desconexión

A very common pattern is that many nouns ending in -ción are feminine:

• la conexión
• la información
• la situación
• la desconexión

So any adjectives or articles must agree with that feminine noun.

In Spanish, adjectives usually come after the noun.

So:

• desconexión digital = digital disconnection
• autonomía personal = personal autonomy
• política laboral = labor policy

This is the normal word order. Putting the adjective before the noun is sometimes possible, but it often changes the tone, emphasis, or meaning. Here, desconexión digital is the natural standard order.

Because the sentence needs a conjugated verb, not an infinitive.

The subject is El derecho a la desconexión digital, which is singular, so the verb is in the third person singular:

• proteger = to protect
• protege = it protects / he protects / she protects

So:

• El derecho ... protege la autonomía.
• The right ... protects autonomy.

This is the present tense of proteger.

It is mostly regular in the present tense, but there is a spelling change in some forms to keep the sound.

Infinitive: proteger

Present tense:

• yo protejo
• tú proteges
• él/ella protege
• nosotros protegemos
• vosotros protegéis
• ellos protegen

The j in protejo keeps the same strong sound that g has before e. Without that spelling change, the pronunciation would change.

In your sentence, protege is a standard third-person singular form.

In standard Spanish, protege autonomía would sound incomplete or unnatural here.

With abstract nouns in general statements, Spanish often uses the definite article:

• protege la autonomía
• defiende la libertad
• garantiza la privacidad

So la autonomía is the normal form in this sentence.

The accent mark shows where the stress falls: autonomía is stressed on -mí-.

It is pronounced roughly like:

• au-to-no-MÍ-a

The written accent is needed because of Spanish stress rules, and it also helps show that -ía is pronounced in separate syllables.

Compare:

• autonomía
• economía
• biología

These all have the stress on -í-.

Because the special change from la to el only happens with feminine singular nouns that begin with a stressed a- or ha- sound.

Examples:

• el agua
• el alma
• el hambre

But autonomía does not have the stress on the first a. The stress is on -mí-:

• au-to-no-MÍ-a

So it stays:

• la autonomía

Grammatically, yes, but the meaning becomes less precise.

• desconexión digital is a specific expression, especially in Spain, referring to the idea that workers have a right to disconnect from emails, messages, and digital work demands outside working hours.
• desconexión by itself is broader and could mean many kinds of disconnection.

So digital is important because it identifies the exact concept.

Yes. In Spain, el derecho a la desconexión digital is a well-known legal and workplace expression. It refers to the right not to be expected to remain digitally available for work outside normal working time.

So this sentence sounds natural and realistic in a Spanish context, especially in discussions about:

• labour law
• workers' rights
• work-life balance
• wellbeing at work

Yes, you can change the word order, but the original sentence is the most neutral and natural.

Original:

• El derecho a la desconexión digital protege la autonomía.

More marked version:

• La autonomía la protege el derecho a la desconexión digital.

That second version adds emphasis to la autonomía, but it is less neutral and a bit heavier stylistically. For a general statement, the original is better.

Yes, it agrees, but digital has the same form for masculine and feminine singular.

Compare:

• el entorno digital
• la desconexión digital

And in the plural:

• los entornos digitales
• las desconexiones digitales

So it does agree in number, but not by changing to a separate feminine singular ending like -a.