Learn Hardcore Spanish (Latin America): Nunca desayuno sin un vaso de jugo de naranja. - I never have breakfast without a glass of orange juice.

Here desayuno is the first-person singular present tense of the verb desayunar (“to have breakfast”). The noun “breakfast” would be el desayuno.

Why isn’t there a yo before desayuno?

Spanish typically drops subject pronouns because the verb ending (-o) already indicates “I.” You’d only include yo for emphasis: Yo nunca desayuno….

Where should the adverb nunca go in the sentence?

Adverbs of frequency like nunca, siempre, a veces, etc., usually precede the main verb: Nunca desayuno…. Placing it elsewhere (e.g. at the end) is possible but less common here.

Is this sentence a double negative since it has nunca and sin?

No. Nunca is the only negator. Sin is a preposition meaning “without,” not a negative adverb, so it doesn’t create a double negative.

Why is there an indefinite article un after sin?

In Spanish, countable singular nouns generally require an article even after sin: sin un vaso, sin una oportunidad. You omit the article only with uncountable nouns (e.g. sin azúcar) or abstract concepts.

Why is it jugo de naranja instead of jugo naranja?

Spanish uses de to link a noun with its type or flavor: jugo de naranja literally means “juice of orange.” Omitting de here would be ungrammatical.

Can I say zumo de naranja instead of jugo de naranja?

In Latin America jugo is the standard word for “juice.” Zumo is used in Spain, so in Latin American Spanish you’ll hear jugo de naranja to sound natural.

Could I say Nunca tomo el desayuno sin un vaso de jugo de naranja instead of Nunca desayuno sin…?

Although tomo el desayuno is understandable, Spanish prefers the verb desayunar for “have breakfast.” Nunca desayuno sin… is more idiomatic.