Questions & Answers about Из-за шума в коридоре я не расслышал вопрос толком.
Here из-за means because of.
It requires the genitive case, so шум becomes шума.
- шум = noise
- из-за шума = because of the noise
A useful extra note: из-за often introduces a cause, especially one with a negative result, so it fits very naturally with noise causing a problem.
It can also mean from behind in other contexts, but not here.
Because this phrase describes location, not motion.
- в коридоре = in the corridor / hallway
- в коридор = into the corridor
With в:
- where? → usually prepositional case: в коридоре
- where to? → usually accusative case: в коридор
So here the noise is located in the corridor, which is why Russian uses в коридоре.