Пирог получился сладким и вкусным.

Here получился does not mean received.

In this sentence, получился means something like:

• turned out
• came out
• ended up being

So Пирог получился сладким и вкусным means that after making or baking the pie, the result was sweet and tasty.

This verb is very common when talking about how food, a plan, a photo, a drawing, etc. turns out:

• Суп получился вкусным. — The soup turned out tasty.
• Торт получился красивым. — The cake came out beautiful.

They are in the instrumental case.

After verbs like:

• быть in some contexts
• стать
• оказаться
• получиться

Russian often uses the instrumental case for the word that describes what something turned out to be or became.

So:

• сладкий → сладким
• вкусный → вкусным

This is called the predicate instrumental.

Compare:

• Он стал врачом. — He became a doctor.
• Она оказалась правой. — She turned out to be right.
• Пирог получился вкусным. — The pie turned out tasty.

So the instrumental here marks the resulting quality of the pie.

Because they describe пирог, and пирог is a masculine singular noun.

Agreement works like this:

• пирог — masculine singular
• получился — masculine singular past tense
• сладким, вкусным — masculine singular instrumental

If the noun changed, the forms would change too:

• Булочка получилась сладкой и вкусной.
  Булочка is feminine, so the forms are feminine.

• Пирожки получились сладкими и вкусными.
  Пирожки is plural, so the forms are plural.

In the past tense, Russian verbs agree with the subject in gender and number.

The infinitive is получиться.
Past tense forms are:

• получился — masculine
• получилась — feminine
• получилось — neuter
• получились — plural

Since пирог is masculine singular, the sentence uses получился.

It is perfective.

• получаться — imperfective
• получиться — perfective

In this sentence, perfective makes sense because it refers to a completed result: the pie was baked, and now we know how it turned out.

That is why English often translates it with turned out or came out.

You may also hear the imperfective when talking about repeated situations or general processes:

• У меня пироги всегда получаются вкусными.
  My pies always turn out tasty.

But for one completed pie:

• Пирог получился вкусным.

Because Russian has no articles.

So пирог can mean:

• a pie
• the pie

The exact meaning depends on context.

In English, you must choose. In Russian, you usually do not need to.

Yes. Russian word order is more flexible than English word order.

The neutral order here is:

• Пирог получился сладким и вкусным.

But you could also hear:

• Сладким и вкусным получился пирог.
• Получился сладким и вкусным пирог.

These alternatives can shift emphasis or sound more literary or expressive.

The original sentence is the most straightforward, neutral way to say it.

They describe different things:

• сладкий = sweet
• вкусный = tasty / delicious

A pie can be sweet, but being sweet does not automatically mean it tastes good. So using both words gives a fuller description:

• it had a sweet taste
• and it was good overall

That is why both adjectives can naturally appear together.

Yes, but the meaning changes slightly.

• Пирог был сладким и вкусным.
  The pie was sweet and tasty.
  This just describes the pie.

• Пирог получился сладким и вкусным.
  The pie turned out sweet and tasty.
  This emphasizes the result, especially after baking or cooking.

So получился is especially natural when you are talking about how something you made came out.

In this sentence, the instrumental is the normal and standard choice:

• Пирог получился сладким и вкусным.

With verbs expressing becoming, turning out, or ending up as something, Russian commonly uses the instrumental for the complement.

A learner should treat the instrumental here as the expected pattern.

The verb and the descriptive words would change to agree with the new subject.

Examples:

• Запеканка получилась сладкой и вкусной.
  Запеканка is feminine.

• Печенье получилось сладким и вкусным.
  Печенье is neuter singular.

• Пироги получились сладкими и вкусными.
  Пироги is plural.

So you need to change:

1. the past-tense verb form
2. the adjective endings in the instrumental

The main word stress is:

• пиро́г
• получи́лся
• сла́дким
• вку́сным

So roughly:

Пиро́г получи́лся сла́дким и вку́сным.

For an English speaker, one useful thing to notice is that the stress is not always where you might guess, so it is worth learning these words together with stress.