Я забираю сына из школы после работы.

Забирать / забрать often means to pick someone up / collect someone, especially from a place like school, work, the airport, etc.

So:

• Я беру сына = I take my son / I am taking my son
• Я забираю сына из школы = I pick up my son from school

In this sentence, забираю is the natural verb because the idea is not just taking, but going to get someone and taking them away from that place.

In Russian, the present tense of an imperfective verb is often used for:

• something happening right now
• a habitual / repeated action

So Я забираю сына из школы после работы usually means:

• I pick up my son from school after work
• I am the one who picks him up after work

This is a normal way to talk about routines in Russian.

Because сына is the accusative case.

The word сын is the direct object of забираю:
I pick up whom? → son

For animate masculine nouns, the accusative singular usually looks like the genitive singular:

• nominative: сын
• accusative: сына

So:

• сын = son as the subject
• сына = son as the object

Example:

• Сын дома. = The son is at home.
• Я вижу сына. = I see my son.

Russian often leaves out possessive words like мой / моя / моё / мои when the meaning is already clear.

So:

• Я забираю сына naturally means I pick up my son
• Я забираю моего сына is possible, but it is more explicit and often more emphatic

Because the subject is Я, it is very natural to understand сына as my son.

Russian does this a lot with family members and body parts when ownership is obvious from context.

Because из means out of / from inside and it requires the genitive case.

Here, the son is being picked up from school, so Russian says:

• из школы

The noun школа changes like this:

• nominative: школа
• genitive: школы

So:

• из школы = from school

This is very common:

• из дома = from home
• из магазина = from the store
• из школы = from school

Because after the preposition из, Russian uses the genitive, not the accusative.

Compare:

• в школу = to school
• из школы = from school

So the case changes depending on the preposition and meaning:

• в
  • accusative can mean movement into
• из
  • genitive means movement out of / from

That is why:

• школа → школы after из

После means after, and it requires the genitive case.

So:

• после работы = after work

The noun changes like this:

• nominative: работа
• genitive: работы

That is why it is после работы, not после работа.

Other examples:

• после урока = after the lesson
• после обеда = after lunch
• после фильма = after the movie

Usually it means after work in the general sense, and in context it is naturally understood as after I finish work / after my workday.

Russian often does not use a possessive pronoun here unless it needs to be emphasized.

So:

• после работы = after work
• после моей работы would sound much more specific or contrastive, and is usually not needed

Russian word order is flexible, but this order is very natural.

Я забираю сына из школы после работы presents the information in a smooth way:

1. Я — who
2. забираю сына — what I do
3. из школы — from where
4. после работы — when

You could move parts around for emphasis, for example:

• После работы я забираю сына из школы.
• Сына из школы я забираю после работы.

These are still grammatical, but the original version is a very neutral, standard word order.

Yes. In fact, that is probably the most natural reading here.

With the imperfective present tense, Russian often expresses a regular routine:

• Я забираю сына из школы после работы.
  = I pick up my son from school after work.

If you wanted a one-time future action, Russian would more likely use the perfective future:

• Я заберу сына из школы после работы.
  = I will pick up my son from school after work.

So the imperfective забираю strongly fits a habitual action.

This is mainly a difference of aspect and time reference.

• забираю = imperfective, present
  Often means a repeated action or a process:

  • I pick up
  • I am picking up

• заберу = perfective, future
  Means a single completed future action:

  • I will pick up

So:

• Я забираю сына из школы после работы. = this is my routine / I do this
• Я заберу сына из школы после работы. = I will pick him up after work

Normally, no. In ordinary context, забирать сына из школы means to pick up one’s son from school.

If you wanted to say remove him from school in the sense of withdrawing him as a student, Russian would usually use a different wording and clearer context.

So for learners, the safe everyday meaning here is:

• to pick up one’s son from school

Russian has no articles like a/an/the.

That means words like:

• сын
• школа
• работа

do not automatically show whether English would use a, the, or no article at all. The exact English translation depends on context.

In this sentence:

• сына is understood as my son
• из школы is naturally from school or from the school, depending on context
• после работы is after work

Russian relies on context much more than English for this.