Мы вышли из переполненного вагона и пошли домой пешком.

Because выйти / выходить specifically means to go out, to exit an enclosed space.

• вышли из вагона = we got out of the carriage / car
• ушли would mean went away / left, focusing less on exiting the inside of something and more on departing in general

So in this sentence, вышли is the natural verb because the people are leaving the inside of the вагон.

The preposition из requires the genitive because it means out of / from inside.

So:

• вагон = nominative
• из вагона = genitive, meaning out of the carriage

This is a very common pattern in Russian:

• из дома = out of the house
• из машины = out of the car
• из вагона = out of the carriage

Because the adjective has to agree with вагона in case, number, and gender.

Here:

• вагон is masculine singular
• after из, it becomes genitive singular → вагона
• the adjective must match that → переполненного

So:

• переполненный вагон = a crowded / overcrowded carriage
• из переполненного вагона = out of the crowded / overcrowded carriage

For masculine singular adjectives, the genitive ending is typically -ого or -его.

Вагон usually means a railway car, train carriage, subway car, or similar transport car.

The exact English word depends on context:

• on a train: carriage or car
• on the metro/subway: car
• sometimes more generally: railcar

So the sentence could refer to getting out of a train car or a metro car, depending on context.

This is a very common and important distinction.

• шли = were walking / walked with focus on the process
• пошли = set off walking / started to go

In this sentence, пошли домой пешком means they then went off home on foot. It marks the next event in the sequence:

1. Мы вышли из переполненного вагона
2. и пошли домой пешком

So пошли is natural because it shows the transition: after getting out, they headed off home.

Because the subject is мы = we.

In Russian past tense, verbs agree in gender and number, not person.

So:

• вышел = he went out
• вышла = she went out
• вышло = it went out
• вышли = they / we went out

The same applies to пошли.

Since the subject is мы, both verbs are plural past tense.

Yes. Russian often drops subject pronouns when they are clear from the verb form.

So both of these are possible:

• Мы вышли из переполненного вагона и пошли домой пешком.
• Вышли из переполненного вагона и пошли домой пешком.

The version with мы may sound a little more explicit or contrastive, depending on context. But grammatically, omitting it is very normal.

Домой is a special adverb meaning homeward / to home / home.

Russian uses домой when someone is going home as a destination:

• идти домой = to go home
• ехать домой = to go home by transport
• пойти домой = to head home

Compare:

• в дом = into a house
• домой = home

So домой is the normal word when you mean go home, not literally go into a house.

Пешком means on foot.

It is historically an instrumental form, and in modern Russian it functions as a fixed adverbial expression.

So:

• идти пешком = to go on foot
• пойти домой пешком = to go home on foot

English uses a preposition: on foot. Russian does not need a preposition here; it simply uses пешком.

Usually yes: it means they went home on foot.

The sentence naturally suggests that after getting out of the carriage, they continued home by walking rather than by another form of transport.

Of course, context can always affect interpretation, but the default reading is that they walked home.

Because переполненный comes from the idea of being over-filled or too full.

So it often means:

• packed
• crowded
• overcrowded
• jam-packed

A simple full carriage would not always capture the same feeling. Переполненный вагон suggests there were very many people inside.

Yes. Russian word order is flexible, because case endings show grammatical relationships.

The original order is neutral and natural:

• Мы вышли из переполненного вагона и пошли домой пешком.

But other orders are possible for emphasis, for example:

• Из переполненного вагона мы вышли и пошли домой пешком.
• Домой мы пошли пешком, выйдя из переполненного вагона.

These alternatives change the emphasis or style, but not the basic meaning. For a learner, the original order is the safest and most natural.

It is the normal conjunction and, but in this sentence it naturally conveys sequence of actions as well:

1. they got out of the carriage
2. then they went home on foot

Russian often uses и in exactly this simple narrative way. The order of the verbs tells you the order of events.

This sentence uses two very common Russian movement verbs with prefixes:

• выйти = to go out
• пойти = to set off, start going

Both are built from core motion verbs:

• идти = to go on foot, in one direction
• выйти adds the prefix вы- = out
• пойти adds the prefix по-, which often means to begin going

So the sentence is a good example of how Russian uses prefixes to express very specific movement meanings.