Вопреки тому что защитная плёнка глянцевая, отпечаток хорошо видно.

It means despite the fact that or although, with a slightly stronger sense of contrary to expectation.

So the sentence sets up a contrast:

• Вопреки тому что... = despite the fact that...
• ..., отпечаток хорошо видно. = ..., the print is clearly visible / easy to see.

Compared with plain although, вопреки can sound a bit more like in spite of what you might expect.

That rule still applies.

In вопреки тому что, the word тому is the dative singular of то (that). After that, что introduces a clause explaining what that refers to.

So the structure is roughly:

• вопреки = contrary to / despite
• тому = that, in the dative
• что защитная плёнка глянцевая = that the protective film is glossy

This is similar to other Russian patterns like:

• благодаря тому что = thanks to the fact that
• из-за того что = because of the fact that

So yes, вопреки is still followed by a dative form; it just happens inside a larger conjunction-like expression.

It is understandable and correct, but it sounds more formal or bookish than some other options.

More common everyday alternatives are:

• несмотря на то что
• хотя

For example:

• Несмотря на то что защитная плёнка глянцевая, отпечаток хорошо видно.
• Хотя защитная плёнка глянцевая, отпечаток хорошо видно.

The nuance is:

• хотя = simple although
• несмотря на то что = despite the fact that
• вопреки тому что = a bit stronger, more literary, contrary to what would be expected from the fact that...

Because it agrees with плёнка, which is:

• feminine
• singular
• nominative

So:

• защитная плёнка = protective film
• глянцевая = glossy

Russian adjectives must agree with the noun they describe.

Here глянцевая is part of the predicate:

• защитная плёнка глянцевая = the protective film is glossy

That is why it is not some other form like глянцевый or глянцевое.

Because Russian normally omits to be in the present tense.

So:

• защитная плёнка глянцевая literally looks like protective film glossy
• but it means the protective film is glossy

This is very normal in Russian:

• Он дома. = He is at home.
• Книга интересная. = The book is interesting.
• Плёнка глянцевая. = The film is glossy.

Using есть here would usually be wrong or unnatural.

Both are possible, but they use different structures.

1. Отпечаток хорошо видно

   • impersonal construction
   • literally: the print is well seen / one can see the print clearly
   • very common in everyday Russian

2. Отпечаток хорошо виден

   • uses the short-form adjective виден
   • more literally: the print is visible

The difference is small, but often:

• видно focuses a bit more on the act of perception: you can see it
• виден focuses a bit more on the object's state: it is visible

So both can work, and both are natural.

Not really. In this construction, видно is impersonal, and отпечаток functions like the object of perception.

That can be confusing because отпечаток looks like a nominative subject. But here it is actually accusative.

Why does it look the same? Because for an inanimate masculine noun, nominative and accusative are identical:

• nominative: отпечаток
• accusative: отпечаток

You can see the difference more clearly with a feminine noun:

• царапину хорошо видно = the scratch is easy to see
• царапина хорошо видна = the scratch is clearly visible

So in your sentence, отпечаток is best understood as the thing being seen, not as the grammatical subject of видно.

Yes, but in this kind of sentence хорошо is best translated as clearly, easily, or plainly.

A very common Russian pattern is:

• хорошо видно = easy to see / clearly visible
• хорошо слышно = easy to hear / clearly audible

So отпечаток хорошо видно does not mean the print is seeing something well. It means the print can be seen clearly.

You could also hear:

• ясно видно = clearly visible
• отчётливо видно = distinctly visible

The comma separates the subordinate clause from the main clause:

• Вопреки тому что защитная плёнка глянцевая, | отпечаток хорошо видно.

Here the whole first part is a concessive subordinate clause.

Usually, вопреки тому что is treated as one multi-word conjunction, so there is no comma inside it.

So this is the normal punctuation:

• Вопреки тому что защитная плёнка глянцевая, отпечаток хорошо видно.

You can also reverse the order:

• Отпечаток хорошо видно, вопреки тому что защитная плёнка глянцевая.

But putting the subordinate clause first makes the contrast more prominent right away.