Код товара и ограничение по весу указаны в транспортной накладной.

Товара is the genitive singular of товар.

In Russian, when one noun describes another noun, Russian often uses the pattern:

• код товара = product code
• literally: code of the product

This is very common. English often puts the first noun directly before the second noun, but Russian usually uses the genitive instead.

More examples:

• номер заказа = order number
• цена товара = product price
• начало работы = start of work

So in код товара, the main noun is код, and товара tells you whose / of what code.

Because the subject is actually two things together:

• Код товара
• ограничение по весу

They are joined by и = and, so together they form a plural subject:

• Код товара и ограничение по весу = the product code and the weight limit

Because the subject is plural, the predicate is plural too:

• указаны = are indicated / are stated

If there were only one item, you would use a singular form:

• Код товара указан...
• Ограничение по весу указано...

Указаны is the short-form passive participle of указать.

In practical terms, it works like:

• is indicated
• is stated
• is specified
• is listed

Short-form passive participles are very common in formal and written Russian, especially in instructions, documents, business language, and official text.

Here is the pattern:

• указан — masculine singular
• указана — feminine singular
• указано — neuter singular
• указаны — plural

In this sentence, the subject is plural, so we get указаны.

Because after в meaning in, Russian normally uses the prepositional case for location.

The dictionary form is:

• транспортная накладная = transport waybill / shipping note

But after в for location, it changes to:

• в транспортной накладной = in the transport waybill

Both words change because the adjective must agree with the noun:

• транспортная → транспортной
• накладная → накладной

This is:

• feminine
• singular
• prepositional

Compare:

• накладная = the waybill
• в накладной = in the waybill

Literally, it means something like limitation by weight or restriction regarding weight.

The phrase по весу is a very natural Russian way to mean:

• in terms of weight
• with respect to weight
• weight-related

So:

• ограничение по весу = weight limit / weight restriction

This по + dative pattern is common in Russian when talking about category, criterion, or parameter.

For example:

• сортировка по дате = sorting by date
• различие по цвету = difference in color
• ограничение по возрасту = age restriction

So по весу does not mean motion like along weight or according to weight here; it is just part of a standard expression.

Here в means in or inside, because the information is contained in the document:

• указаны в транспортной накладной = are stated in the transport waybill

Russian uses в with the prepositional case for location:

• в документе = in the document
• в списке = in the list
• в накладной = in the waybill

So this part is very straightforward:

• в + prepositional = in

Yes. Russian word order is more flexible than English word order.

The neutral order here is:

• Код товара и ограничение по весу указаны в транспортной накладной.

This sounds natural and standard.

But Russian could also say:

• В транспортной накладной указаны код товара и ограничение по весу.

This version puts the location first and may sound slightly more like In the transport waybill, the product code and the weight limit are stated.

Both are correct. The difference is mostly about focus and style, not basic meaning.

Russian has no articles like English a/an and the.

So:

• Код товара can mean the product code or a product code
• в транспортной накладной can mean in the transport waybill or in a transport waybill

Which one is meant depends on context.

In this sentence, because it sounds like a specific business document, English usually translates it with the:

• The product code and the weight limit are stated in the transport waybill.

But Russian itself does not need a separate word for that.

Yes, it sounds formal and document-related.

Words and phrases like these are typical of:

• logistics
• shipping
• business documents
• official instructions
• administrative language

Especially указаны and транспортная накладная sound more formal than everyday speech.

In casual conversation, people might use less official wording depending on context, but for documents this sentence is completely natural.

Here are the main dictionary forms:

• код = code
• товар = goods, product, item
• ограничение = limitation, restriction
• вес = weight
• указать = to indicate, specify, state
• транспортный = transport, shipping-related
• накладная = waybill, consignment note, shipping document

And here is how some of them appear in the sentence:

• товара ← from товар
• весу ← from вес
• указаны ← from указать
• транспортной накладной ← from транспортная накладная

This is a good example of how Russian changes word endings depending on grammar, even though the dictionary form is different.