V-am trimis fișierul ieri; l-ați primit?

yesterday

Breakdown of V-am trimis fișierul ieri; l-ați primit?

• îl: it
• vă: you
• a trimite: to send

Questions & Answers about V-am trimis fișierul ieri; l-ați primit?

What does V-am mean exactly?

V-am has two parts:

• v- = you / to you (an unstressed pronoun)
• am = I have, the auxiliary used to form the common past tense

In this sentence, v-am trimis means I sent you / I have sent you.

The capital V is often used in polite writing when addressing someone respectfully. In many everyday texts, you may also see v-am with a lowercase v.

Why is there a hyphen in V-am and l-ați?

The hyphen appears because Romanian often attaches short unstressed pronouns to the auxiliary verb.

So:

• v- + am → v-am
• l- + ați → l-ați

This is very common in Romanian spelling when clitic pronouns come before forms of the auxiliary.

Why is it trimis and primit?

Trimis and primit are past participles:

• a trimite → trimis
• a primi → primit

Romanian usually forms this past tense with:

• an auxiliary form of a avea
• • the past participle

So:

• am trimis = I sent / I have sent
• ați primit = you received / have received

This is the perfect compus, one of the most common past tenses in Romanian.