Ea a plecat fără să spună nimic, pentru că era foarte grăbită.

Yes, Romanian often drops subject pronouns because the verb form usually shows who the subject is. So a plecat already means she left.

Here, ea can be included for:

• emphasis
• contrast
• clarity, if the speaker wants to make sure we know it was she

So:

• A plecat fără să spună nimic = She left without saying anything
• Ea a plecat fără să spună nimic = same basic meaning, but she is a bit more explicit or emphasized

A plecat is the perfectul compus (compound past), one of the most common Romanian past tenses.

It is formed with:

• the auxiliary a = has
• the past participle plecat = left/gone

So literally it works a bit like has left, but in normal English translation here it is usually just left.

The verb is:

• a pleca = to leave

So:

• ea a plecat = she left

Romanian normally uses fără să + subjunctive after fără when the meaning is without doing something.

So:

• fără să spună = without saying

This is a very common Romanian structure:

• a plecat fără să mănânce = he left without eating
• a intrat fără să bată la ușă = she came in without knocking

English often uses without + -ing, but Romanian usually prefers fără să + verb.

Because after să, Romanian usually uses the subjunctive form.

The verb is:

• a spune = to say

Its relevant forms are:

• spune = present indicative, as in el spune = he says
• să spună = present subjunctive, as in without saying / that he say / for him to say, depending on context

So in this sentence:

• fără să spună nimic = without saying anything

This is not the normal present indicative; it is the subjunctive required by fără să.

Nimic means nothing or, in many English translations, anything in a negative-type context.

In this sentence:

• fără să spună nimic literally = without saying nothing
• but naturally it means without saying anything

This is normal Romanian usage. After expressions like fără, nu, and similar negative environments, nimic is the expected word.

Compare:

• Nu spune nimic = He/She isn’t saying anything
• A plecat fără să spună nimic = He/She left without saying anything

Yes. Pentru că is a very common and natural way to say because.

So:

• pentru că era foarte grăbită = because she was in a great hurry / because she was very rushed

Other Romanian words can also express because, such as:

• fiindcă
• deoarece

But pentru că is extremely common in everyday Romanian.

Era is the imperfect form of a fi (to be), and it describes an ongoing state or background situation in the past.

Here, era foarte grăbită means:

• she was very rushed / in a hurry

The imperfect works well because it gives the state she was in at that time, which explains why she left without saying anything.

If you used a fost, that would sound more like a completed fact:

• a fost grăbită

But in this sentence, Romanian naturally prefers era because it gives the reason/background for the action a plecat.

Because it agrees with ea, which is feminine singular.

The adjective/participle is:

• grăbit = masculine singular
• grăbită = feminine singular

So:

• El era foarte grăbit = He was very rushed / in a hurry
• Ea era foarte grăbită = She was very rushed / in a hurry

Romanian adjectives usually agree in gender and number with the noun or pronoun they describe.

It can suggest both ideas, and in this sentence the most natural English meaning is in a hurry.

So:

• era foarte grăbită can be understood as she was very hurried
• but idiomatically in English we would usually say she was in a great hurry or she was in a rush

Romanian often uses grăbit/grăbită where English prefers an expression with in a hurry.

Yes, absolutely:

• A plecat fără să spună nimic, pentru că era foarte grăbită.

This is perfectly natural Romanian and probably the more neutral version.

Adding ea does not change the core meaning, but it can make the subject more explicit. Romanian often leaves pronouns out unless there is some reason to include them.

Yes. In this sentence, the understood subject of să spună is the same she.

So the meaning is:

• She left
• without saying anything

Romanian does not need to repeat the subject here. It is understood from context.

If the subject were different, Romanian would normally make that clearer in the sentence.

Yes, Romanian word order is fairly flexible, though some versions sound more natural than others.

The original:

• Ea a plecat fără să spună nimic, pentru că era foarte grăbită.

Possible variations:

• Pentru că era foarte grăbită, ea a plecat fără să spună nimic.
• A plecat, pentru că era foarte grăbită, fără să spună nimic.
  This is possible, but less smooth in everyday speech.

The original order is very natural because it gives:

1. the main action: she left
2. the manner/circumstance: without saying anything
3. the reason: because she was very rushed