După aceea, Ana va usca rufele pe balcon.

It is a time expression meaning after that / afterwards / then. It tells you when Ana will do the action. In Romanian, după aceea is a very common way to connect events in a sequence.

You could often replace it with apoi or pe urmă, depending on style.

Va usca is the 3rd person singular future of a usca = to dry.

• va = will for he/she/it
• usca = the infinitive stem used in this future pattern

So:

• Ana va usca = Ana will dry

This is a standard Romanian future form.

Because after va, Romanian uses the infinitive without a:

• a usca = to dry
• va usca = will dry

If you use the other very common future pattern with o să, then you use the subjunctive instead:

• Ana o să usuce rufele = Ana will dry the clothes

So both are correct future forms, but the grammar after them is different:

• va + infinitive → va usca
• o să + subjunctive → o să usuce

Rufe usually means clothes being washed / laundry, not just clothing in the broadest sense.

Rufele is the definite plural form, so literally it is the clothes or the laundry.

Romanian puts the definite article at the end of the noun:

• rufe = clothes / laundry
• rufele = the clothes / the laundry

In this sentence, English often translates it naturally as the laundry.

For a home balcony, Romanian normally says pe balcon.

The idea is that a balcony is treated like a surface or open platform that you go out onto, so:

• pe balcon = on the balcony / out on the balcony

În balcon would not sound natural here. It can appear in other contexts, such as talking about the balcony section in a theater.

No. Romanian word order is more flexible than English word order.

This version is a very natural, neutral one:

• După aceea, Ana va usca rufele pe balcon.

It goes roughly:

• time expression
• subject
• future verb
• object
• place

You can move parts around for emphasis, but the focus changes a little. For example:

• Ana va usca rufele pe balcon după aceea.

That is still understandable, but the original version is the best default for a learner.

The comma is very natural here because După aceea is an introductory time phrase, and the comma marks a small pause.

So this is perfectly good:

• După aceea, Ana va usca rufele pe balcon.

You may also see the comma omitted, especially in simpler or less formal writing, but the version with the comma is very standard.

Yes. That is a very common everyday alternative.

Compare:

• Ana va usca rufele pe balcon.
• Ana o să usuce rufele pe balcon.

Both mean the same thing here. The difference is mostly style:

• va usca = standard, a bit more formal or written
• o să usuce = very common in speech

A rough English-friendly guide is:

DOO-puh a-CHE-ya, AH-na va oos-KA ROO-fe-le pe bal-KON

A few useful notes:

• ă sounds like the weak vowel at the end of sofa
• u is like oo
• ce in aceea sounds like che
• balcon is stressed at the end: bal-KON