Bărbatul este căsătorit.

The ending -ul is the definite article in Romanian. It means the.

So:

• bărbat = man
• bărbatul = the man

Unlike English, Romanian usually attaches the to the end of the noun instead of putting it before the noun.

The normal Romanian word order here is:

• subject + verb + adjective
• Bărbatul
  • este
    • căsătorit

This is the most neutral and natural way to say The man is married.

Romanian word order can sometimes change for emphasis, but Bărbatul este căsătorit is the standard form a learner should use first.

Este means is.

It is the 3rd person singular form of the verb a fi = to be.

So:

• eu sunt = I am
• tu ești = you are
• el/ea este = he/she is

In everyday speech, este is often shortened to e:

• Bărbatul e căsătorit.

Both are correct. Este sounds a bit more full or formal; e is very common in normal speech.

Because bărbatul is masculine singular, and the adjective has to agree with it.

• bărbatul = masculine singular
• căsătorit = masculine singular form of married

Compare:

• Bărbatul este căsătorit. = The man is married.
• Femeia este căsătorită. = The woman is married.

So the ending changes depending on gender and number.

Yes. In this sentence, căsătorit functions as an adjective meaning married.

It agrees with the noun:

• căsătorit = masculine singular
• căsătorită = feminine singular
• căsătoriți = masculine plural / mixed plural
• căsătorite = feminine plural

So it behaves like an adjective even though historically it comes from a participle.

Yes, sometimes bărbat can mean both man and husband, depending on context.

• bărbat = man
• bărbat can also mean husband

But in the sentence Bărbatul este căsătorit, the most direct reading is usually The man is married.

If someone specifically wants to say the husband, Romanian also commonly uses:

• soțul = the husband

No, not in normal standard Romanian.

You normally must keep the verb:

• Bărbatul este căsătorit.
• Bărbatul e căsătorit.

Leaving it out would sound incomplete or unnatural in standard Romanian.

You would say:

• Un bărbat este căsătorit.

Here:

• un = a
• bărbat = man

So:

• un bărbat = a man
• bărbatul = the man

Romanian distinguishes clearly between the indefinite and definite forms.

Add nu before the verb:

• Bărbatul nu este căsătorit. = The man is not married.

In everyday speech:

• Bărbatul nu e căsătorit.

So the pattern is:

• nu + verb

A rough pronunciation guide is:

• Bărbatul ≈ bər-BAH-tul
• este ≈ YES-te
• căsătorit ≈ kuh-suh-toh-REET

A few helpful notes:

• ă is a very short, relaxed vowel, like uh
• e in este is pronounced clearly
• r is trilled or tapped, not like a typical English r
• the stress is roughly:
  • bărbátul
  • căsătorít

A natural full pronunciation would sound approximately like:

bər-BAH-tul YES-te kuh-suh-toh-REET

That is just how Romanian usually forms the definite article. It is one of the features that often surprises English speakers.

Compare:

• English: the man
• Romanian: bărbatul

This is called a postposed definite article because it comes after the noun as an ending rather than before it as a separate word.

This happens with many Romanian nouns:

• om = man/person
• omul = the man/the person
• copil = child
• copilul = the child

Yes, absolutely.

• Bărbatul este căsătorit.
• Bărbatul e căsătorit.

Both mean the same thing.

The version with e is very common in everyday spoken Romanian. As a learner, it is useful to recognize both forms.

The adjective changes to match the noun.

Examples:

• Bărbatul este căsătorit. = The man is married.
• Femeia este căsătorită. = The woman is married.
• Bărbații sunt căsătoriți. = The men are married.
• Femeile sunt căsătorite. = The women are married.

Notice both the noun and the adjective can change, and the verb changes too:

• este = is
• sunt = are

It describes a state or condition: the man is in the state of being married.

It is not talking about the action to get married. For that idea, Romanian would use the reflexive verb:

• a se căsători = to get married

So:

• Bărbatul este căsătorit. = The man is married.
• Bărbatul se căsătorește. = The man is getting married / is marrying

That is an important difference.

Only if it begins the sentence, as it does here.

So:

• Bărbatul este căsătorit.

But in the middle of a sentence it would normally be lowercase:

• Știu că bărbatul este căsătorit. = I know that the man is married.

Romanian capitalization rules are broadly similar to English in this respect.