Sistemul este nou.

Because -ul is the definite article attached to the end of the noun in Romanian.

• sistem = system / a system
• sistemul = the system

Unlike English, Romanian usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun instead of using a separate word like the.

The word este means is.

It is a form of the verb a fi = to be.

So in this sentence:

• Sistemul = the system
• este = is
• nou = new

Normally, in a simple present-tense sentence like this, este is usually included.

So Sistemul este nou is the standard full sentence for The system is new.

In very informal contexts, people may sometimes drop parts that are understood, but for learners, you should use este here.

It actually is already in the form that matches sistemul.

Sistemul is:

• masculine
• singular

So the adjective also appears in the masculine singular form:

• nou = masculine singular

Other forms would be different, for example:

• nouă = feminine singular
• noi = masculine or feminine plural

So nou is the correct agreeing form for sistemul.

Very often, yes.

In Sistemul este nou, the adjective comes after the verb because it is a predicate adjective: the system is new.

With adjectives directly next to nouns, Romanian also commonly puts the adjective after the noun:

• un sistem nou = a new system

Sometimes adjectives can come before the noun, but the most basic and common pattern for learners is that adjectives often follow the noun.

Romanian usually expresses the by adding it to the end of the noun.

So instead of:

• English: the system

Romanian says:

• sistemul

This is one of the biggest structural differences from English.

Yes. E is a very common short form of este.

So both are correct:

• Sistemul este nou = more full/formal/neutral
• Sistemul e nou = very common in everyday speech

As a learner, it is good to recognize both.

A simple learner-friendly approximation is:

sis-TE-mul ES-te no-oo

A few helpful notes:

• sistemul has stress on te
• este has stress on es
• nou sounds roughly like no-oo, forming one syllable glide in natural speech

Romanian pronunciation is generally more consistent than English spelling, so once you learn the sound rules, it becomes easier.

That is a grammar rule.

In Romanian, every noun has a grammatical gender. Sistem is a masculine noun, so it takes masculine forms with articles and adjectives.

This does not mean the object is actually male. It is just part of how the language works grammatically.

Yes, but Sistemul este nou is the normal, neutral word order.

Romanian allows some flexibility, especially for emphasis. For example:

• Nou este sistemul might sound marked or poetic/emphatic, something like It is the system that is new

For everyday use, stick with:

• Sistemul este nou

The indefinite version would be:

• Un sistem este nou = A system is new

But in natural English and Romanian, this sentence is less common by itself unless there is a special context.

More often, you would see:

• Este un sistem nou = It is a new system
• Un sistem nou = a new system

The main contrast is:

• sistem = system / a system
• sistemul = the system

No, not here.

Romanian usually does not use a separate subject pronoun unless it is needed for emphasis or clarity.

So:

• Sistemul este nou is complete by itself

You do not need something like El sistemul..., which would be incorrect here.

The noun sistemul already tells you what the subject is.