Compania aeriană verifică situația.

Because Romanian usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun instead of using a separate word.

• companie = company

• compania = the company

• situație = situation
• situația = the situation

So Compania aeriană verifică situația already includes the airline and the situation.

In Romanian, adjectives often come after the noun.

• companie aeriană = airline / air company
• literally: company air-related

So compania aeriană is the normal order. English usually puts adjectives before the noun, but Romanian often does the opposite.

Because the adjective has to agree with the noun it describes.

compania is:

• feminine
• singular
• definite

So the adjective also appears in the feminine singular form:

• masculine singular: aerian
• feminine singular: aeriană

That is why you get compania aeriană.

Yes. It is a very natural Romanian way to say airline.

Literally, it means air company, but in normal usage it corresponds to English airline. Romanian often uses a noun + adjective structure where English uses a single word.

verifică is the 3rd person singular present tense of the verb a verifica = to check / to verify.

So it can mean:

• checks
• is checking
• sometimes does check, depending on context

In this sentence, with compania aeriană as the subject, it means the airline checks / is checking.

Because situația is the definite form.

• situație = a situation
• situația = the situation

The noun situație ends in -ie, so when the definite article is added, you get -ia:

• situație → situația

So here the sentence is talking about the situation, not just a situation.

Because situația is the direct object of verifică, and Romanian normally does not use a preposition here.

English:

• The airline checks the situation

Romanian:

• Compania aeriană verifică situația

No extra word is needed before situația. Romanian sometimes uses pe with direct objects, but mainly in specific cases, especially with people or clearly animate beings. It is not used here.

• ă sounds like the vowel in English about or sofa
• ț sounds like ts in cats

So:

• aeriană ends with that short ă sound
• situația contains ț, pronounced like ts

A rough English-style pronunciation of the whole sentence is:

kom-pa-NI-a ae-ri-A-nuh ve-ri-FI-kuh si-tu-A-tsi-a

That is only approximate, but it is a useful starting point.

Yes. Romanian present tense often covers both the simple present and the present continuous, depending on context.

So verifică can mean:

• checks
• is checking

If the situation is happening right now, English may prefer is checking, but Romanian still uses the simple present form verifică.

Yes, very often.

Romanian is a language that often allows the subject to be omitted if it is clear from context. So you could say:

Verifică situația.

That means something like:

• He/she/it is checking the situation
• The airline is checking the situation, if the context already makes that clear

In your sentence, compania aeriană is stated explicitly to make the subject clear.

No, but it is the most neutral and standard word order: subject + verb + object.

• Compania aeriană verifică situația.

Romanian can change word order for emphasis, but the basic version is the one you have here. For example, a different order might highlight situația more strongly, but the original sentence is the normal, straightforward way to say it.