Certificatul fiscal este valabil.

It is the definite article: -ul means the.

So:

• certificat = certificate
• certificatul = the certificate

In Romanian, the definite article is usually attached to the end of the noun, unlike English, where the goes in front.

So certificatul fiscal literally looks like certificate-the fiscal, but in natural English it is the fiscal/tax certificate.

Because in Romanian, adjectives usually come after the noun.

So:

• certificat fiscal = fiscal/tax certificate
• certificatul fiscal = the fiscal/tax certificate

This noun + adjective order is very common in Romanian.

Putting the adjective before the noun is sometimes possible, but it usually adds emphasis, style, or a slightly different tone. The normal, neutral order here is certificatul fiscal.

Fiscal means related to taxes or tax-related.

So certificatul fiscal is not just any certificate; it is a certificate connected with tax status, tax obligations, or fiscal records.

It is also a word that looks very similar to English fiscal, so it is a good cognate to remember.

Because certificat is a neuter noun, and in the singular, neuter nouns behave like masculine nouns.

That means the adjective also takes the masculine singular form:

• certificat valabil = valid certificate

If the noun were a feminine singular noun, you would expect valabilă instead.

For example:

• adeverința este valabilă = the certificate/document is valid

So in your sentence:

• certificatul = singular neuter noun
• therefore valabil = masculine-form singular adjective

Certificat is a neuter noun in Romanian.

That is important because Romanian neuter nouns behave like:

• masculine in the singular
• feminine in the plural

So:

• singular: un certificat valabil
• plural: două certificate valabile

This is why the singular adjective here is valabil, but in the plural it becomes valabile.

Este is the 3rd person singular of a fi = to be.

So:

• este = is

In this sentence, it links the subject and the adjective:

• Certificatul fiscal este valabil.
• The tax certificate is valid.

In normal standard Romanian, you should keep it.

In casual speech, people very often use e instead of este:

• Certificatul fiscal e valabil.

That means the same thing, just in a more everyday style.

There is no difference in meaning here. Both mean is.

The difference is mainly one of style/register:

• este = more formal, full form
• e = more common in everyday speech

So both are correct:

• Certificatul fiscal este valabil.
• Certificatul fiscal e valabil.

If you are writing formally, este is often the safer choice.

A rough pronunciation guide for an English speaker is:

cher-ti-fi-KA-tul fis-KAL ES-te va-la-BEEL

A few helpful notes:

• ce in Certificatul sounds like che in check
• fi is like fee
• scal in fiscal has a clear sk sound
• valabil has stress on the last syllable: -bil

A more technical pronunciation is approximately:

/t͡ʃer.ti.fiˈka.tul fisˈkal ˈes.te va.laˈbil/

No. Valabil can be used for many things that are valid, in force, or applicable.

For example:

• bilet valabil = valid ticket
• ofertă valabilă = valid offer
• permis valabil = valid permit/license

So in your sentence, it means the certificate is still legally or administratively valid.

Yes, but the original order is the most neutral and natural statement:

• Certificatul fiscal este valabil.

If you change the order, the emphasis may change, or it may sound less natural.

For example:

• Este valabil certificatul fiscal? = Is the tax certificate valid?
  This is a question.

• Valabil este certificatul fiscal.
  This is grammatically possible in a very marked or unusual context, but it is not the normal way to say it.

So for a plain statement, keep:

• Certificatul fiscal este valabil.

In the plural, all the relevant words change:

• Certificatele fiscale sunt valabile.
• The tax certificates are valid.

Breakdown:

• certificatul → certificatele
• fiscal → fiscale
• este → sunt
• valabil → valabile

This is a good example of agreement in Romanian: nouns, adjectives, and the verb all change to match number.