Ana împrumută exemplarul disponibil.

No. Romanian exemplar usually means copy, specimen, or item, not example in the usual English sense.

So:

• exemplar = copy / specimen
• exemplu = example

That makes exemplarul disponibil mean the available copy or the available item, depending on context.

Romanian usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun.

So:

• exemplar = a copy / copy
• exemplarul = the copy

Here, -ul is the definite article attached to the noun. This is very common in Romanian:

• băiat → băiatul = the boy
• carte → cartea = the book
• exemplar → exemplarul = the copy

împrumută is the 3rd person singular present tense form of a împrumuta.

That means it can go with:

• el = he
• ea = she
• sometimes it, depending on the subject

In this sentence, the subject is Ana, so împrumută means Ana borrows / lends.

Yes. This is something that often surprises English speakers.

Romanian a împrumuta can mean either:

• to borrow
• to lend

The context tells you which meaning is intended.

For example:

• Ana împrumută o carte de la Maria.
  = Ana borrows a book from Maria.

• Ana îi împrumută Mariei o carte.
  = Ana lends Maria a book.

So if your learning material already gives the meaning, follow that meaning. On its own, the verb can be ambiguous.

Because in Romanian, adjectives very often come after the noun.

So the normal, neutral order is:

• exemplarul disponibil = the available copy

This is the most natural order in an ordinary sentence.

Romanian can sometimes place the adjective before the noun, but that is often more literary, emphatic, or stylistically marked. So exemplarul disponibil is the safest basic pattern to learn.

Because disponibil agrees with exemplarul.

The noun exemplar is neuter in Romanian. In the singular, neuter nouns behave like masculine nouns for agreement, so the adjective takes the masculine singular form:

• exemplarul disponibil

If it were feminine singular, you would get:

• cartea disponibilă = the available book

If it were plural with a neuter noun, the adjective would change:

• exemplarele disponibile = the available copies

Because exemplarul disponibil is an inanimate direct object.

In Romanian, the marker pe is often used before specific animate direct objects, especially people:

• Văd băiatul.
• Îl văd pe băiat.

But with an inanimate noun like exemplarul, Romanian normally does not use pe:

• Ana împrumută exemplarul disponibil.

So this sentence is completely normal as it is.

Yes, Romanian often drops subject pronouns and sometimes even leaves out a named subject if the context already makes it clear.

You could say:

• Împrumută exemplarul disponibil.

But on its own, that only tells you he/she is borrowing/lending the available copy. It does not identify the person clearly.

Including Ana makes the subject explicit and removes any doubt.

Yes, Romanian word order is more flexible than English word order, although the basic neutral order here is:

• Ana împrumută exemplarul disponibil.

That is the most straightforward subject + verb + object order.

Other orders are possible for emphasis, but they often sound more marked and may require extra elements, such as a clitic pronoun:

• Exemplarul disponibil îl împrumută Ana.

That puts more focus on the available copy.

So yes, word order can change, but the version you have is the normal, neutral one.

It can mean either, depending on context.

Romanian present tense often covers both:

• simple present: borrows
• present continuous: is borrowing

So:

• Ana împrumută exemplarul disponibil.

can mean either Ana borrows the available copy or Ana is borrowing the available copy, depending on the situation.

If Romanian wants to make the ongoing action clearer, it often relies on context or time words such as acum (now).

They are both sounds that English speakers usually need a little practice with.

• î is a close central vowel that does not really have an exact English equivalent.
• ă is like the a in sofa: a short, relaxed uh sound.

So in împrumută:

• the first vowel î is a special Romanian sound
• the final ă sounds like a schwa, similar to the ending of sofa

These two letters are very common in Romanian, so it is worth getting used to them early.

Yes. In exemplarul disponibil, the definite article is attached to the noun, not the adjective.

That is the normal pattern when the adjective follows the noun:

• exemplarul disponibil

If the adjective comes before the noun, Romanian often shifts the definite marking to the adjective:

• disponibilul exemplar

But that version is less neutral and more stylistically marked here. For everyday learning, exemplarul disponibil is the standard pattern to focus on.