Genul acesta este interesant.

Because -ul is the Romanian definite article attached to the end of the noun.

• gen = a kind / a genre
• genul = the kind / the genre

In genul acesta, Romanian uses the definite form with the demonstrative, so it is literally something like the kind this, which corresponds to English this kind.

Gen can mean several related things, depending on context:

• kind / type
• genre

So Genul acesta este interesant could mean:

• This kind is interesting
• This type is interesting
• This genre is interesting

The exact meaning depends on the context you were given.

In Romanian, demonstratives like this can often come after the noun, especially in everyday standard usage.

So:

• genul acesta = this kind
• cartea aceasta = this book

This is a very normal Romanian pattern. English puts this before the noun, but Romanian often places the equivalent after it.

Both can mean this kind / this genre.

• genul acesta
• acest gen

They are both correct, but the structure is different:

• genul acesta = noun with definite article + demonstrative after it
• acest gen = demonstrative before the noun

In many contexts, they are nearly interchangeable. A learner should understand both.

Because Romanian uses different forms depending on position and grammar.

For masculine singular:

• acest = used before the noun
  
  • acest gen
• acesta = used after the noun
  
  • genul acesta

So the sentence uses acesta because the demonstrative comes after genul.

Because interesant agrees with genul, which is masculine singular.

Romanian adjectives change form to match the noun:

• masculine singular: interesant
• feminine singular: interesantă
• masculine/feminine plural: interesanți / interesante, depending on the noun

Since genul is masculine singular, interesant is the correct form.

Este means is. It is the 3rd person singular of a fi (to be).

So the sentence structure is:

• Genul acesta = subject
• este = is
• interesant = interesting

So grammatically it works just like:

• This kind is interesting

In standard Romanian, yes, you normally keep este in a sentence like this.

So:

• Genul acesta este interesant. = correct standard Romanian

Leaving it out would usually sound incomplete in normal speech and writing.

Yes. ăsta is a more colloquial, everyday version of acesta.

So:

• Genul acesta este interesant. = more neutral / standard
• Genul ăsta este interesant. = more informal / conversational

Both are common, but acesta is the safer form for learners in formal or textbook Romanian.

Not exactly word-for-word, even though the meaning matches.

Romanian structure is more like:

• genul = the kind
• acesta = this

So literally it looks like the kind this, but the natural English translation is this kind.

This is a good example of how Romanian and English express the same idea with different word order.

The demonstrative and adjective would change to match the noun.

For example, with carte (book, feminine):

• cartea aceasta este interesantă = this book is interesting

Notice the changes:

• aceasta instead of acesta
• interesantă instead of interesant

So agreement is very important in Romanian.