O governo municipal organiza um festival de música em junho.

Elon.io is an online learning platform
We have an entire course teaching Portuguese grammar and vocabulary.

Start learning Portuguese now

Questions & Answers about O governo municipal organiza um festival de música em junho.

Why is it o governo municipal and not o municipal governo, like English “municipal government”?

In Portuguese, the normal order is noun + adjective, whereas in English it’s often adjective + noun.

  • governo = government (noun)
  • municipal = municipal (adjective)

So:

  • governo municipal = municipal government
    (literally “government municipal”)

Putting the adjective first (municipal governo) is wrong in this context. Portuguese adjectives usually come after the noun, unless there’s a special stylistic or meaning reason (not the case here).

Why is organiza in the present tense if the festival is in June (in the future)?

Portuguese, like English, can use the simple present for scheduled future events, especially official or regular ones.

  • O governo municipal organiza um festival de música em junho.
    = The municipal government organizes a music festival in June.
    (understood as something that happens every June or is scheduled for June)

This is similar to English sentences like:

  • The train leaves at six.
  • School starts in September.

You could also say:

  • O governo municipal vai organizar um festival de música em junho.
    = emphasises the future (“is going to organize”).

But the original sentence is perfectly natural for a planned or habitual event.

Why organiza and not something like organizo or organizam?

Organiza is the 3rd person singular present indicative of organizar:

  • eu organizo – I organize
  • tu organizas – you organize (informal singular)
  • ele / ela / você organiza – he / she / you organize
  • nós organizamos – we organize
  • eles / elas / vocês organizam – they / you (plural) organize

The subject here is o governo municipal (“the municipal government”), which is 3rd person singular, so the verb must be organiza.

Even though “government” refers to many people, grammatically it’s treated as a singular noun in Portuguese (and usually in English as well).

Why is it um festival and not o festival?

Um is the indefinite article (“a / an” in English).
O is the definite article (“the” in English).

  • um festival = a festival (not necessarily one that has been previously identified in the conversation)
  • o festival = the festival (a specific one that both speaker and listener already know about)

In your sentence:

  • O governo municipal organiza um festival de música em junho.
    sounds like: The municipal government organizes a music festival in June.
    (introducing the idea of such a festival, or speaking in general terms)

If both speakers already knew which festival they were talking about, you could say:

  • O governo municipal organiza o festival de música em junho.
    = The municipal government organizes the music festival in June.
What is the function of de in um festival de música?

Here, de links two nouns: festival and música. It’s often equivalent to English “of” or functions like a noun modifier:

  • um festival de música
    = literally a festival of music, more naturally a music festival

This de + noun pattern is extremely common to show what something is about or made of:

  • um copo de água – a glass of water
  • uma sala de reuniões – a meeting room
  • um festival de cinema – a film festival

You could also say festival musical, but festival de música is more natural and common in this context.

Why is it de música and not de músicas?

Música can mean both:

  1. music (the general concept, uncountable), and
  2. song / piece of music (a specific item), depending on context.

In festival de música, you’re talking about the type of festival (a festival of music in general), not counting individual songs. That’s why the singular música is used.

If you were emphasising individual songs, you’d use músicas:

  • Ele tocou três músicas novas. – He played three new songs.

But:

  • festival de música – a music festival (category/type of event)
Why em junho and not no junho?

Em junho literally means “in June” and is the standard way to talk about months with no article:

  • em janeiro, em fevereiro, em março… em junho

Using no here would be odd, because:

  • no = em + o (in + the, masculine singular)

You usually add an article when you say “no mês de junho” (“in the month of June”):

  • O festival acontece no mês de junho.
    = The festival takes place in the month of June.

But when you just mention the month itself, you normally say:

  • em junho, em agosto, em dezembro, etc.
Why is junho not capitalised in Portuguese, while June is in English?

In Portuguese, names of months and days of the week are not capitalised, unless they start a sentence or are part of a title:

  • em junho – in June
  • em segunda-feira – on Monday

So:

  • O festival é em junho. – Correct
  • O festival é em Junho. – Usually considered incorrect in standard writing

English capitalises June, Monday, etc. Portuguese does not, in normal text.

Does municipal change for gender or plural? Why is it the same form here?

Adjectives ending in -al usually have:

  • one form for masculine and feminine, and
  • a different form for plural.

Municipal works like this:

  • singular:

    • governo municipal – municipal government (masc.)
    • câmara municipal – municipal council (fem.)
  • plural:

    • governos municipais – municipal governments
    • câmaras municipais – municipal councils

In your sentence, governo is singular and masculine, so the adjective is singular too: municipal. It doesn’t visibly change with gender, only with number.

What’s the difference between governo municipal and câmara municipal? Would both be used in Portugal?

In European Portuguese:

  • governo municipal is understandable, but not the most common way to refer to local government in everyday speech.
  • The usual term is câmara municipal, which is the town/city council and the executive body of the municipality.

So in Portugal you would very often hear:

  • A câmara municipal organiza um festival de música em junho.

Governo is more commonly used about:

  • o Governo – the national government
  • regional governments (Governo Regional) in autonomous regions like Madeira or the Azores
How would the sentence change in the plural, e.g. “Municipal governments organize music festivals in June”?

You need to make the article, noun, adjective, verb, and object agree in number:

  • Os governos municipais organizam festivais de música em junho.
    • os governos – the governments (plural)
    • municipais – plural of municipal
    • organizam – 3rd person plural of organizar
    • festivais – plural of festival

Singular vs plural:

  • O governo municipal organiza um festival de música em junho.
  • Os governos municipais organizam festivais de música em junho.
How do you pronounce junho and municipal in European Portuguese?

Approximate European Portuguese pronunciation (IPA + tips):

  • junho – /ˈʒu.ɲu/

    • j like the s in vision
    • nh = one sound like Spanish ñ, French gn in montagne
    • two syllables: JU-nho, stress on the first
  • municipal – /mu.ni.siˈpaɫ/

    • u like oo in book (but shorter)
    • c before i = s sound
    • final l is a “dark L”, produced further back; often sounds like English w to learners
    • stress on the last syllable: mu-ni-si-PAL

Full sentence (EP):
O governo municipal organiza um festival de música em junho.
/ u ɡuˈvɛɾnu munisiˈpaɫ oɾɣɐˈnizɐ ũ fɛʃtiˈvaɫ dɨ ˈmuzikɐ ẽ ˈʒu.ɲu /

Could you replace organiza with another verb, like realiza or promove? Would the meaning change?

Yes, you can use other verbs, with slightly different nuances:

  • organizaorganises, focuses on planning and running the event.
  • realizaholds / carries out:
    • O governo municipal realiza um festival de música em junho.
  • promovepromotes (actively encourages, supports):
    • O governo municipal promove um festival de música em junho.

All are compatible with this kind of sentence, but:

  • organiza = they are responsible for putting it together
  • realiza = they ensure it takes place
  • promove = they sponsor / push it, not necessarily organize all logistics themselves